File Coverage

blib/lib/Finance/QuoteHist/Generic.pm

Criterion	Covered	Total	%
statement	21	715	2.9
branch	0	428	0.0
condition	0	209	0.0
subroutine	7	86	8.1
pod	20	69	28.9
total	48	1507	3.1

package Finance::QuoteHist::Generic;

# http://www.stanford.edu/dept/OOD/RESEARCH/top-ten-faq/how_do_i_find_an_historical_st.html
#
# Shortcut: Use adjusted close price
#
# For the mathematically inclined, one shortcut to determining the value
# after splits is to use the adjusted close price from the historical
# quote tool. For June 2, 1997, it lists a market close price of 33.13
# and an adjusted close price of 1.38. Divide 33.13 by 1.38 and you come
# up with 24.007. Multiply by 1,000 and you come pretty close to the
# 24,000 share figure determined above. Or you could divide 1.38 by
# 33.13, which gives you 0.041654. Divide $33,130 by 0.041654, and you
# get $795K, which is very close to the $808K figure above.

use strict;
use Carp;

use vars qw($VERSION);
$VERSION = "1.22";

use LWP::UserAgent;
use HTTP::Request;
use Date::Manip;

my $CSV_XS_Class = 'Text::CSV_XS';
my $CSV_PP_Class = 'Text::CSV_PP';
my $CSV_Class = $CSV_XS_Class;
eval "use $CSV_Class";
if ($@) {
  $CSV_Class = $CSV_PP_Class;
  eval "use $CSV_Class";
  croak "Could not load either $CSV_XS_Class or $CSV_PP_Class : $@\n" if $@;
}

my $HTE_CLASS;
my $HTE_Class = 'HTML::TableExtract';
sub HTML_CLASS {
  if (!$HTE_CLASS) {
    eval "use $HTE_Class";
    croak $@ if $@;
    $HTE_CLASS = $HTE_Class;
  }
  $HTE_CLASS;
}

my $Default_Target_Mode = 'quote';
my $Default_Parse_Mode  = 'html';
my $Default_Granularity = 'daily';
my $Default_Vol_Pat = qr(vol|shares)i;

my %Default_Labels;
$Default_Labels{quote}{$Default_Parse_Mode} =
  [qw( date open high low close ), $Default_Vol_Pat];
$Default_Labels{dividend}{$Default_Parse_Mode} =
  [qw( date div )];
$Default_Labels{'split'}{$Default_Parse_Mode} =
  [qw( date post pre )];
$Default_Labels{intraday}{$Default_Parse_Mode} =
  [qw( date time high low close ), $Default_Vol_Pat];

my @Scalar_Flags = qw(
  verbose
  quiet
  zthresh
  quote_precision
  attempts
  adjusted
  has_non_adjusted
  env_proxy
  debug
  parse_mode
  target_mode
  granularity
  auto_proxy
  row_filter
  ua_params
);
my $SF_pat = join('|', @Scalar_Flags);

my @Array_Flags = qw(
  symbols
  lineup
);
my $AF_pat = join('|', @Array_Flags);

my @Hash_Flags = qw( ua_params );
my $HF_pat = join('|', @Hash_Flags);

sub new {
  my $that  = shift;
  my $class = ref($that) || $that;
  my(%parms, $k, $v);
  while (($k,$v) = splice(@_, 0, 2)) {
    if ($k eq 'start_date' || $k eq 'end_date' && $v !~ /^\s*$/) {
      $parms{$k} = __PACKAGE__->date_standardize($v);
    }
    elsif ($k =~ /^$AF_pat$/o) {
      if (UNIVERSAL::isa($v, 'ARRAY')) {
        $parms{$k} = $v;
      }
      elsif (ref $v) {
        croak "$k must be passed as an array ref or single-entry string\n";
      }
      else {
        $parms{$k} = [$v];
      }
    }
    elsif ($k =~ /^$HF_pat$/o) {
      if (UNIVERSAL::isa($v, 'HASH')) {
        $parms{$k} = $v;
      }
      else {
        croak "$k must be passed as a hash ref\n";
      }
    }
    elsif ($k eq 'row_filter') {
      croak "$k must be sub ref\n" unless UNIVERSAL::isa($v, 'CODE');
      $parms{$k} = $v;
    }
    elsif ($k =~ /^$SF_pat$/o) {
      $parms{$k} = $v;
    }
  }
  $parms{end_date} ||= __PACKAGE__->date_standardize('today');
  $parms{symbols} or croak "Symbol list required\n";

  my $start_date = delete $parms{start_date};
  my $end_date   = delete $parms{end_date};
  my $symbols    = delete $parms{symbols};

  # Defaults
  $parms{zthresh}          = 30 unless $parms{zthresh};
  $parms{attempts}         = 3  unless $parms{attempts};
  $parms{adjusted}         = 1  unless exists  $parms{adjusted};
  $parms{has_non_adjusted} = 0  unless defined $parms{has_non_adjusted};
  $parms{quote_precision}  = 4  unless defined $parms{quote_precision};
  $parms{auto_proxy}       = 1  unless exists  $parms{auto_proxy};
  $parms{debug}            = 0  unless defined $parms{debug};

  my $self = \%parms;
  bless $self, $class;

  my $ua_params = $parms{ua_params} || {};
  if ($parms{env_proxy}) {
    $ua_params->{env_proxy} = 1;
  }
  elsif ($parms{auto_proxy}) {
    $ua_params->{env_proxy} = 1 if $ENV{http_proxy};
  }
  $self->{ua} ||= LWP::UserAgent->new(%$ua_params);

  if ($self->granularity !~ /^d/i) {
    $start_date = $self->snap_start_date($start_date);
    $end_date   = $self->snap_end_date($end_date);
  }

  $self->start_date($start_date);
  $self->end_date($end_date);
  $self->symbols(@$symbols);

  # These are used for constructing method names for target types.
  $self->{target_order} = [qw(quote split dividend)];
  grep($self->{targets}{$_} = "${_}s", @{$self->{target_order}});

  $self;
}

### User interface stubs

sub quotes    { shift->getter(target_mode => 'quote')->()    }
sub dividends { shift->getter(target_mode => 'dividend')->() }
sub splits    { shift->getter(target_mode => 'split')->()    }
sub intraday  { shift->getter(target_mode => 'intraday')->() }

*intraday_quotes = *intraday;

sub target_worthy {
  my $self = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  my $target_mode = $parms{target_mode} || $self->target_mode;
  my $parse_mode  = $parms{parse_mode}  || $self->parse_mode;
  # forcing url_maker into a boolean role here, using a dummy symbol
  my $capable = $self->url_maker(
    %parms,
    target_mode => $target_mode,
    parse_mode  => $parse_mode,
    symbol      => 'waggledance',
  );
  my $worthy = $capable && UNIVERSAL::isa($capable, 'CODE');
  if ($self->{verbose}) {
    print STDERR "Seeing if ", ref $self,
                 " can get ($target_mode, $parse_mode) : ",
                 $worthy ? "yes\n" : "no\n";
  }
  $worthy;
}

sub granularities { qw( daily ) }

### Data retrieval

sub ua {
  my $self = shift;
  @_ ? $self->{ua} = shift : $self->{ua};
}

sub fetch {
  # HTTP::Request and LWP::UserAgent Wrangler
  my($self, $request) = splice(@_, 0, 2);
  $request or croak "Request or URL required\n";

  if (! ref $request || ! $request->isa('HTTP::Request')) {
    $request = HTTP::Request->new(GET => $request);
  }

  my $trys = $self->{attempts};
  my $response = $self->ua->request($request, @_);
  $self->{_lwp_success} = 0;
  while (! $response->is_success) {
    last unless $trys;
    $self->{_lwp_status}  = $response->status_line;
    print STDERR "Bad fetch",
       $response->is_error ? ' (' . $response->status_line . '), ' : ', ',
       "trying again...\n" if $self->{debug};
    $response = $self->ua->request($request, @_);
    --$trys;
  }
  $self->{_lwp_success} = $response->is_success;
  return undef unless $response->is_success;
  print STDERR 'Fetch complete. (' . length($response->content) . " chars)\n"
    if $self->{verbose};
  $response->content;
}

sub getter {
  # closure factory to get results for a particular target_mode and
  # parse_mode
  my $self = shift;

  my %parms = @_;
  my $target_mode = $parms{target_mode} || $self->target_mode;
  my $parse_mode  = $parms{parse_mode}  || $self->parse_mode;
  my @column_labels = $self->labels(
    %parms, target_mode => $target_mode, parse_mode  => $parse_mode
  );
  my %extractors = $self->extractors(
    %parms, target_mode => $target_mode, parse_mode  => $parse_mode
  );

  # return our closure
  sub {
    my @symbols = @_ ? @_ : $self->symbols;

    my @rows;

    # cache check
    my @not_seen;
    foreach my $symbol (@symbols) {
      my @r = $self->result_rows($target_mode, $symbol);
      if (@r) {
        push(@rows, @r);
      }
      else {
        push(@not_seen, $symbol);
      }
    }
    return @rows unless @not_seen;

    my $original_target_mode = $self->target_mode;
    my $original_parse_mode  = $self->parse_mode;

    $self->target_mode($target_mode);
    $self->parse_mode($parse_mode);

    my $dcol = $self->label_column('date');
    my(%empty_fetch, %saw_good_rows);
    my $last_data = '';

    my $target_worthy = $self->target_worthy(
      %parms,
      target_mode => $target_mode,
      parse_mode  => $parse_mode
    );
    if (!$target_worthy) {
      # make sure and empty @symbols
      ++$empty_fetch{$_} while $_ = pop @symbols;
    }

    SYMBOL: foreach my $s (@symbols) {
      my $urlmaker = $self->url_maker(
        target_mode => $target_mode,
        parse_mode  => $parse_mode,
        symbol      => $s,
      );
      UNIVERSAL::isa($urlmaker, 'CODE') or croak "urlmaker not a code ref.\n";
      my $so_far_so_good = 0;
      URL: while (my $url = $urlmaker->()) {
        if ($empty_fetch{$s}) {
          print STDERR ref $self,
             " passing on $s ($target_mode) for now, empty fetch\n"
             if $self->{verbose};
          last URL;
        }

        if ($self->{verbose}) {
          my $uri = $url;
          $uri = $url->uri if UNIVERSAL::isa($url, 'HTTP::Request');
          print STDERR "Processing ($s:$target_mode) $uri\n";
        }

        # We're a bit more persistent with quotes. It is more suspicious
        # if we get no quote rows, but it is nevertheless possible.
        my $trys = $target_mode eq 'quote' ? $self->{attempts} : 1;
        my $initial_trys = $trys;
        my($data, $rows) = ('', []);
        do {
          print STDERR "$s Trying ($target_mode) again due to no rows...\n"
            if $self->{verbose} && $trys != $initial_trys;
          if (!($data = $self->{url_cache}{$url})) {
            $data = $self->fetch($url);
            if (my $pre_parser = $self->pre_parser) {
              $data = $pre_parser->(
                $data,
                target_mode => $target_mode,
                parse_mode  => $parse_mode,
              );
            }
          }
          # make sure our url_maker hasn't sent us into a twister
          if ($data && $data eq $last_data) {
            print STDERR "Redundant data fetch, assuming end of URLs.\n"
              if $self->{verbose};
            last URL;
          }
          else {
            $last_data = defined $data ? $data : '';
          }
          $rows = $self->rows($self->parser->($data));
          last URL if $so_far_so_good && !@$rows;
          --$trys;
        } while !@$rows && $trys && $self->{_lwp_success};
        $so_far_so_good = 1;

        if ($target_mode ne 'quote' || $target_mode ne 'intraday') {
          # We are not very stubborn about dividends and splits right
          # now. This is because we cannot prove a successful negative
          # (i.e., say there were no dividends or splits over the time
          # period...or perhaps there were, but it is a defunct
          # symbol...whatever...quotes should always be present unless
          # they are defunct, which is dealt with later.
          if (!$self->{_lwp_success} || !$data) {
            ++$empty_fetch{$s};
            @$rows = ();
          }
          elsif ($self->{_lwp_success} && !@$rows) {
            ++$empty_fetch{$s};
          }
        }

        # Raw cache
        $self->{url_cache}{$url} = $data;

        # Extraction filters. This is an opportunity to extract rows
        # that are not what we are looking for, but contain valuable
        # information nevertheless. An example of this would be the
        # split and dividend rows you see in Yahoo HTML quote output. An
        # extraction filter method should expect an array ref as an
        # argument, representing a single row, and should return another
        # array ref with extracted output. If there is a return value,
        # then this row will be filtered from the primary output.
        my(%extractions, $ecount, $rc);
        $rc = @$rows;
        if (%extractors) {
          my(@filtered, $row);
          while ($row = pop(@$rows)) {
            my $erow;
            foreach my $mode (sort keys %extractors) {
              $extractions{$mode} ||= [];
              my $em = $extractors{$mode};
              if ($erow = $em->($row)) {
                print STDERR "$s extract ($mode) got $s, ",
                   join(', ', @$erow), "\n" if $self->{verbose};
                push(@{$extractions{$mode}}, [@$erow]);
                ++$ecount;
                last;
              }
            }
            push(@filtered, $row) unless $erow;
          }
          if ($self->{verbose} && $ecount) {
            print STDERR "$s Trimmed to ",$rc - $ecount,
               " rows after $ecount extractions.\n";
          }
          $rows = \@filtered;
        }

        if ($extractions{$target_mode}) {
          $rows = [@{$extractions{$target_mode}}];
          print STDERR "Coopted to ", scalar @$rows,
            " rows after $target_mode extraction redundancy.\n"
            if $self->{verbose};
        }

        if (@$rows) {
          # Normalization steps

          if ($target_mode eq 'split') {
            if (@{$rows->[0]} == 2) {
              foreach (@$rows) {
                if ($_->[-1] =~ /(split\s+)?(\d+)\D+(\d+)/is) {
                  splice(@$_, -1, 1, $2, $3);
                }
              }
            }
          }

          # Saving the rounding operations until after the adjust
          # routine is deliberate since we don't want to be auto-
          # adjusting pre-rounded numbers.
          $self->number_normalize_rows($rows);

          # Do the same for the extraction rows, plus store the
          # extracted rows
          foreach my $mode (keys %extractions) {
            # _store_results splices each row...don't do it twice
            next if $mode eq $target_mode;
            $self->target_mode($mode);
            $self->number_normalize_rows($extractions{$mode});
            $self->_target_source($mode, $s, ref $self);
            $self->_store_results($mode, $s, $dcol, $extractions{$mode});
          }
          # restore original target mode
          $self->target_mode($target_mode);

          if ($target_mode eq 'quote' || $target_mode eq 'intraday') {
            my $count = @$rows;
            @$rows = grep($self->is_quote_row($_) &&
                          $self->row_not_seen($s, $_), @$rows);
            if ($self->{verbose}) {
              if ($count == @$rows) {
                print STDERR "$s Retained $count rows\n";
              }
              else {
                print STDERR "$s Retained $count raw rows, trimmed to ",
                  scalar @$rows, " rows due to noise\n";
              }
            }

          }
          if ($target_mode eq 'quote') {
            # zcount is an attempt to capture null values; if there are
            # too many we assume there is something wrong with the
            # remote data
            my $close_col = $self->label_column('close');
            my($zcount, $hcount) = (0,0);
            foreach (@$rows) {
              foreach (@$_) {
                # Sometimes N/A appears
                s%^\s*N/A\s*$%%;
              }
              my $q = $_->[$close_col];
              if (defined $q && $q =~ /\d+/) { ++$hcount }
              else                            { ++$zcount }
            }
            my $pct = $hcount ? 100 * $zcount / ($zcount + $hcount) : 100;
            if (!$trys || $pct >= $self->{zthresh}) {
              ++$empty_fetch{$s} unless $saw_good_rows{$s};
            }
            else {
              # For defunct symbols, we could conceivably get quotes
              # over a date range that contains blocks of time where the
              # ticker was actively traded, as well as blocks of time
              # where the ticker doesn't exist. If we got good data over
              # some of the blocks, then we take note of it so we don't
              # toss the whole set of queries for this symbol.
              ++$saw_good_rows{$s};
            }
            $self->precision_normalize_rows($rows)
              if @$rows && $self->{quote_precision};
          }

          last URL if !$ecount && !@$rows;
          $self->_store_results($target_mode, $s, $dcol, $rows) if @$rows;
          $self->_target_source($target_mode, $s, ref $self);
        }
      }
    }

    $self->_store_empty_fetches([keys %empty_fetch]);

    # Check for bad fetches. If we failed on some symbols, punt them to
    # our champion class.
    if (%empty_fetch) {
      my @bad_symbols = $self->empty_fetches;
      my @champion_classes = $self->lineup;
      while (@champion_classes && @bad_symbols) {
        print STDERR "Bad fetch for ", join(',', @bad_symbols), "\n"
          if $self->{verbose} && $target_worthy;
        my $champion =
          $self->_summon_champion(shift @champion_classes, @bad_symbols);
        next unless $champion &&
                    $champion->target_worthy(target_mode => $target_mode);
        print STDERR ref $champion, ", my hero!\n" if $self->{verbose};
        # Hail Mary
        $champion->getter(target_mode => $target_mode)->();
        # Our champion was the source for these symbols (including
        # extracted info).
        foreach my $mode ($champion->result_modes) {
          foreach my $symbol ($champion->result_symbols($mode)) {
            $self->_target_source($mode, $symbol, ref $champion);
            $self->_copy_results($mode, $symbol,
                                 $champion->results($mode, $symbol));
          }
        }
        @bad_symbols = $champion->empty_fetches;
      }
      if (@bad_symbols && !$self->{quiet}) {
        print STDERR "WARNING: Could not fetch $target_mode for some symbols (",join(', ', @bad_symbols), "). Abandoning request for these symbols.";
        if ($target_mode ne 'quote') {
          print STDERR " Don't worry, though, we were looking for ${target_mode}s. These are less likely to exist compared to quotes.";
        }
        if ($self->{_lwp_status}) {
          print STDERR "\n\nLast status: $self->{_lwp_status}\n";
        }
        print STDERR "\n";
      }
    }

    $self->target_mode($original_target_mode);
    $self->parse_mode($original_parse_mode);

    @rows = $self->result_rows($target_mode);
    if ($self->{verbose}) {
      print STDERR "Class ", ref $self, " returning ", scalar @rows,
         " composite rows.\n";
    }

    # Return the loot.
    wantarray ? @rows : \@rows;
  };
}

sub _store_results {
  my($self, $mode, $symbol, $dcol, $rows) = @_;
  foreach my $row (@$rows) {
    my $date = splice(@$row, $dcol, 1);
    $self->{results}{$mode}{$symbol}{$date} = $row;
  }
}

sub _copy_results {
  my($self, $mode, $symbol, $results) = @_;
  foreach my $date (sort keys %$results) {
    $self->{results}{$mode}{$symbol}{$date} = [@{$results->{$date}}];
  }
}

sub result_rows {
  my($self, $target_mode, @symbols) = @_;
  $target_mode ||= $self->target_mode;
  @symbols = $self->result_symbols($target_mode) unless @symbols;
  my @rows;
  foreach my $symbol (@symbols) {
    my $results = $self->results($target_mode, $symbol);
    foreach my $date (sort keys %$results) {
      push(@rows, [$symbol, $date, @{$results->{$date}}]);
    }
  }
  sort { $a->[1] cmp $b->[1] } @rows;
}

sub _store_empty_fetches {
  my $self = shift;
  my $ref = shift || [];
  @$ref = sort @$ref;
  $self->{empty_fetches} = $ref;
}

sub empty_fetches {
  my $self = shift;
  return () unless $self->{empty_fetches};
  @{$self->{empty_fetches}}
}

sub extractors { () }

sub rows {
  my($self, $rows) = @_;
  return wantarray ? () : [] unless $rows;
  my $rc = @$rows;
  print STDERR "Got $rc raw rows\n" if $self->{verbose};

  # Load user filter if present
  my $row_filter = $self->row_filter;

  # Prep the rows
  foreach my $row (@$rows) {
    $row_filter->($row) if $row_filter;
    foreach (@$row) {
      # Zap leading and trailing white space
      next unless defined;
      s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//;
    }
  }
  # Pass only rows with a valid date that is in range (and store the
  # processed value while we are at it)
  my $target_mode = $self->target_mode;
  my @date_rows;
  my $dcol = $self->label_column('date');
  my $tcol = $self->label_column('time') if $target_mode eq 'intraday';
  my $r;
  while($r = pop @$rows) {
    my $date = $r->[$dcol];
    if ($target_mode eq 'intraday') {
      my $time = splice(@$r, $tcol, 1);
      $date = join('', $date, $time);
    }
    $date = $self->date_normalize($date);
    unless ($date) {
      print STDERR "Reject row (no date): '$r->[$dcol]'\n" if $self->{verbose};
      next;
    }
    next unless $self->date_in_range($date);
    $r->[$dcol] = $date;
    push(@date_rows, $r);
  }

  print STDERR "Trimmed to ", scalar @date_rows, " applicable date rows\n"
    if $self->{verbose} && @date_rows != $rc;

  return wantarray ? @date_rows : \@date_rows;
}

### Adjustment triggers and manipulation

sub adjuster {
  # In order to be an adjuster, it must first be enabled. In addition,
  # there has to be a column specified as the adjusted value. This is
  # not as generic as I would like it, but so far it's just for
  # Yahoo...it should work for any site with "adj" in the column
  # label...this column should be the adjusted closing value.
  my $self = shift;
  return 0 if !$self->{adjusted};
  foreach ($self->labels) {
    return 1 if /adj/i;
  }
  0;
}

sub adjusted { shift->{adjusted} ? 1 : 0 }

### Bulk manipulation filters

sub date_normalize_rows {
  # Place dates into a consistent format, courtesy of Date::Manip
  my($self, $rows, $dcol) = @_;
  $dcol = $self->label_column('date') unless defined $dcol;
  foreach my $row (@$rows) {
    $row->[$dcol] = $self->date_normalize($row->[$dcol]);
  }
  $rows;
}

sub date_normalize {
  my($self, $date) = @_;
  return unless $date;
  my $normal_date;
  if ($self->granularity =~ /^m/ && $date =~ m{^\s*(\D+)[-/]+(\d{2,})\s*$}) {
    my($m, $y) = ($1, $2);
    $y += 1900 if length $y == 2;
    $normal_date = ParseDate($m =~ /^\d+$/ ? "$y/$m/01" : "$m 01 $y");
  }
  else {
    # allow for negative epochs
    if ($date =~ /^-?\d+$/) {
      $normal_date = ParseDateString("epoch $date");
    }
    else {
      $normal_date = ParseDate($date);
    }
  }
  $normal_date or return undef;
  return $normal_date if $self->target_mode eq 'intraday';
  join('/', $self->ymd($normal_date));
}

sub snap_start_date {
  my($self, $date) = @_;
  my $g = $self->granularity;
  if ($g =~ /^(m|w)/i) {
    if ($1 eq 'm') {
      my($dom) = UnixDate($date, '%d') - 1;
      $date = DateCalc($date, "- $dom days") if $dom;
    }
    else {
      my $dow = Date_DayOfWeek(UnixDate($date, '%m', '%d', '%Y')) - 1;
      $date = DateCalc($date, "- $dow days") if $dow;
    }
  }
  $date;
}

sub snap_end_date {
  my($self, $date) = @_;
  my $g = $self->granularity;
  if ($g =~ /^(m|w)/i) {
    if ($1 eq 'm') {
      my($m, $y) = UnixDate($date, '%m', '%Y');
      my $last = Date_DaysInMonth($m, $y);
      $date = ParseDateString("$y$m$last");
    }
    else {
      my $dow = Date_DayOfWeek(UnixDate($date, '%m', '%d', '%Y')) - 1;
      $date = DateCalc($date, "+ " . (6 - $dow) . ' days')
        unless $dow == 6;
    }
  }
  $date;
}

sub number_normalize_rows {
  # Strip non-numeric noise from numeric fields
  my($self, $rows, $dcol) = @_;
  $dcol = $self->label_column('date') unless defined $dcol;
  # filtered rows might not have same columns
  my @cols = grep($_ != $dcol, 0 .. $#{$rows->[0]});
  foreach my $row (@$rows) {
    s/[^\d\.]//go foreach @{$row}[@cols];
  }
  $rows;
}

sub precision_normalize_rows {
  # Round off numeric fields, if requested (%.4f by default). Volume
  # is the exception -- we just round that into an integer. This
  # should probably only be called for 'quote' targets because it
  # knows details about where the numbers of interest reside.
  my($self, $rows) = @_;
  my $target_mode = $self->target_mode;
  croak "precision_normalize invoked in '$target_mode' mode rather than 'quote'  or 'intraday' mode.\n"
    unless $target_mode eq 'quote' || $target_mode eq 'intraday';
  my @columns;
  if ($target_mode ne 'intraday') {
    @columns = $self->label_column(qw(open high low close));
    push(@columns, $self->label_column('adj')) if $self->adjuster;
  }
  else {
    @columns = $self->label_column(qw(high low close));
  }
  my $vol_col = $self->label_column($Default_Vol_Pat);
  foreach my $row (@$rows) {
    $row->[$_] = sprintf("%.$self->{quote_precision}f", $row->[$_])
      foreach @columns;
    $row->[$vol_col] = int $row->[$vol_col];
  }
  $rows;
}

### Single row filters

sub is_quote_row {
  my($self, $row, $dcol) = @_;
  ref $row or croak "Row ref required\n";
  # Skip date in first field
  $dcol = $self->label_column('date') unless defined $dcol;
  foreach (0 .. $#$row) {
    next if $_ == $dcol;
    next if $row->[$_] =~ /^\s*$/;
    if ($row->[$_] !~ /^\s*\$*[\d\.,]+\s*$/) {
      return 0;
    }
  }
  1;
}

sub row_not_seen {
  my($self, $symbol, $row, $dcol) = @_;
  ref $row or croak "Row ref required\n";
  $symbol or croak "ticker symbol required\n";
  my $mode = $self->target_mode;
  my $res = $self->{results}{$mode} or return 1;
  my $mres = $res->{$symbol} or return 1;
  $dcol = $self->label_column('date') unless defined $dcol;
  $mres->{$row->[$dcol]} or return 1;
  return 0;
}

sub date_in_range {
  my $self = shift;
  my $date = shift;
  $date = $self->date_standardize($date) or return undef;
  return 0 if $self->{start_date} && $date lt $self->{start_date};
  return 0 if $self->{end_date}   && $date gt $self->{end_date};
  1;
}

### Label and label mapping/extraction management

sub default_target_mode { $Default_Target_Mode }
sub default_parse_mode  { $Default_Parse_Mode  }
sub default_granularity { $Default_Granularity }

sub set_label_pattern {
  my $self = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  my $target_mode = $parms{target_mode} || $self->target_mode;
  my $parse_mode  = $parms{parse_mode}  || $self->parse_mode;
  my $label = $parms{label};
  croak "Column label required\n" unless $label;
  my $l2p = $self->{_label_pat}{$target_mode}{$parse_mode} ||= {};
  my $p2l = $self->{_pat_label}{$target_mode}{$parse_mode} ||= {};
  my $pattern = $parms{pattern};
  if ($pattern) {
    $l2p->{$label} = $pattern;
    delete $self->{label_map};
    delete $self->{pattern_map};
  }
  my $pat = $l2p->{$label} ||= ($label =~ $Default_Vol_Pat ?
                                  qr/\s*$label/i : qr/^\s*$label/i);
  $p2l->{$pat} ||= $label;
  $pat;
}

sub label_pattern {
  my $self = shift;
  my $target_mode = $self->target_mode;
  my $parse_mode  = $self->parse_mode;
  my $label = shift;
  croak "column label required\n" unless $label;
  my $l2p = $self->{_label_pat}{$target_mode}{$parse_mode} ||= {};
  my $pat = $l2p->{$label} || $self->set_label_pattern(label => $label);
  $pat;
}

sub label_column {
  my $self = shift;
  my @cols;
  if (!$self->{label_map}) {
    delete $self->{pattern_map};
    my @labels = $self->labels;
    foreach my $i (0 .. $#labels) {
      $self->{label_map}{$labels[$i]} = $i;
    }
  }
  foreach (@_) {
    croak "Unknown label '$_'\n" unless exists $self->{label_map}{$_};
    push(@cols, $self->{label_map}{$_});
  }
  unless (wantarray) {
    croak "multiple columns in scalar context\n" if @cols > 1;
    return $cols[0];
  }
  @cols;
}

sub pattern_column {
  my $self = shift;
  if (!$self->{pattern_map}) {
    my @patterns = $self->patterns;
    foreach my $i (0 .. $#patterns) {
      $self->{pattern_map}{$patterns[$i]} = $i;
    }
  }
  return unless @_;
  my $pattern = shift;
  croak "Unknown pattern '$pattern'\n" unless $self->{_pat_map}{$pattern};
  $self->{pattern_map{$pattern}};
}

sub pattern_map {
  my $self = shift;
  $self->pattern_column unless $self->{pattern_map};
  $self->{pattern_map};
}

sub label_map {
  my $self = shift;
  $self->label_column unless $self->{label_map};
  $self->{label_map};
}

sub pattern_label {
  my $self = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  my $target_mode = $parms{target_mode} || $self->target_mode;
  my $parse_mode  = $parms{parse_mode}  || $self->parse_mode;
  my $pat = $parms{pattern} or croak "pattern required for label lookup\n";
  my $p2l = $self->{_pat_label}{$target_mode}{$parse_mode} ||= {};
  my $label = $p2l->{$pat};
  unless (defined $label) {
    delete $parms{pattern};
    $self->set_label_pattern(%parms, label => $_) foreach $self->labels;
  }
  $label;
}

sub patterns {
  my $self = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  $parms{target_mode} ||= $self->target_mode;
  $parms{parse_mode}  ||= $self->parse_mode;
  map($self->label_pattern($_), $self->labels(%parms));
}

sub columns {
  my $self = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  $parms{target_mode} ||= $self->target_mode;
  $parms{parse_mode}  ||= $self->parse_mode;
  $self->label_column($self->labels(%parms));
}

sub default_labels {
  my $self = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  my $target_mode = $parms{target_mode} || $self->target_mode;
  my $tm = $Default_Labels{$target_mode};
  unless ($tm) {
    $tm = $Default_Labels{$self->default_target_mode};
  }
  my $parse_mode = $parms{parse_mode} || $self->parse_mode;
  my $labels = $tm->{$parse_mode};
  unless ($labels) {
    $labels = $tm->{$self->default_parse_mode};
  }
  @$labels;
}

sub labels {
  my $self  = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  my $target_mode = $parms{target_mode} || $self->target_mode;
  my $parse_mode  = $parms{parse_mode}  || $self->parse_mode;
  my $tm = $self->{_labels}{$target_mode};
  if ($parms{labels} || ! $tm->{$parse_mode}) {
    delete $self->{label_map};
    delete $self->{pattern_map};
  }
  $tm->{$parse_mode} = $parms{labels} if $parms{labels};
  my $labels = $tm->{$parse_mode} ||= [$self->default_labels(
                                         target_mode => $target_mode,
                                         parse_mode  => $parse_mode)];
  @$labels;
}

sub parse_mode {
  my $self = shift;
  if (@_) {
    $self->{parse_mode} = shift;
  }
  $self->{parse_mode} || $self->default_parse_mode;
}

sub target_mode {
  my $self = shift;
  if (@_) {
    $self->{target_mode} = shift;
  }
  $self->{target_mode} || $self->default_target_mode;
}

sub granularity {
  my $self = shift;
  if (@_) {
    $self->{granularity} = shift;
  }
  $self->{granularity} || $self->default_granularity;
}

sub lineup {
  my $self = shift;
  $self->{lineup} = \@_ if @_;
  return unless $self->{lineup};
  @{$self->{lineup}};
}

### Parser methods

sub pre_parser {
  my($self, %parms) = @_;
  my $parse_mode = $parms{parse_mode} || $self->parse_mode;
  my $method = "${parse_mode}_pre_parser";
  return unless $self->can($method);
  $self->$method(%parms, parse_mode => $parse_mode);
}

sub parser {
  my($self, %parms) = @_;
  my $parse_mode = $parms{parse_mode} || $self->parse_mode;
  my $make_parser = "${parse_mode}_parser";
  $self->$make_parser(%parms, parse_mode => $parse_mode);
}

sub html_parser {
  # HTML::TableExtract supports automatic column reordering.
  my $self = shift;
  my $class = HTML_CLASS;
  my @labels = $self->labels(@_);
  my @patterns = $self->patterns(@_);
  my(%pat_map, %label_map);
  $pat_map{$patterns[$_]} = $_ foreach 0 .. $#patterns;
  $label_map{$labels[$_]} = $_ foreach 0 .. $#labels;
  $self->pattern_map(\%pat_map);
  $self->label_map(\%label_map);
  sub {
    my $data = shift;
    my $html_string;
    if (ref $data) {
      local($/);
      $html_string = <$data>;
    }
    else {
      $html_string = $data;
    }
    my %te_parms = (
      headers => \@patterns,
      automap => 1,
    );
    $te_parms{debug} = $self->{debug} if $self->{debug} > 2;
    my $te = $class->new(%te_parms) or croak "Problem creating $class\n";
    $te->parse($html_string);
    $te->eof;
    my $ts = $te->first_table_found;
    [ $ts ? $ts->rows() : ()];
  }
}

sub csv_parser {
  # Text::CSV_XS doesn't column slice or re-order, so we do.
  my $self = shift;
  my @patterns = $self->patterns(@_);
  sub {
    my $data = shift;
    return [] unless defined $data;
    my @csv_lines = ref $data ? <$data> : split("\n", $data);
    # BOM squad (byte order mark, as csv from google tends to be)
    if ($csv_lines[0] =~ s/^\xEF\xBB\xBF//) {
      for my $i (0 .. $#csv_lines) {
        utf8::decode($csv_lines[$i]);
      }
    }
    # might be unix, windows, or mac style newlines
    s/\s+$// foreach @csv_lines;
    return [] if !@csv_lines || $csv_lines[0] =~ /(no data)|error/i;
    # attempt to get rid of comments at front of csv data
    while (@csv_lines) {
      last if $csv_lines[0] =~ /date/i || $csv_lines[0] =~ /\d+$/;
      print STDERR "CSV reject line: $csv_lines[0]\n" if $self->{verbose};
      shift @csv_lines;
    }
    my $first_line = $csv_lines[0];
    my $sep_char = $first_line =~ /date\s*(\S)/i ? $1 : ',';
    my $cp = $CSV_Class->new({sep_char => $sep_char, binary => 1})
      or croak "Problem creating $CSV_Class\n";
    my @pat_slice;
    if ($first_line =~ /date/i) {
      # derive column detection and ordering
      $cp->parse($first_line) or croak ("Problem parsing (" .
        $cp->error_input . ") : " . $cp->error_diag . "\n");
      my @headers = $cp->fields;
      my @pats = @patterns;
      my @labels = map($self->pattern_label(pattern => $_), @patterns);
      my(%pat_map, %label_map);
      HEADER: for my $i (0 .. $#headers) {
        last unless @pats;
        my $header = $headers[$i];
        for my $pi (0 .. $#pats) {
          my $pat = $pats[$pi];
          if ($header =~ /$pat/) {
            my $label = $labels[$pi];
            splice(@pats,   $pi, 1);
            splice(@labels, $pi, 1);
            $pat_map{$pat} = $i;
            $label_map{$label} = $i;
            next HEADER;
          }
        }
      }
      shift @csv_lines;
      @pat_slice = map($pat_map{$_}, @patterns);
    }
    else {
      # no header row, trust natural order and presence
      @pat_slice = 0 .. $#patterns;
    }
    my @rows;
    foreach my $line (@csv_lines) {
      $cp->parse($line) or next;
      my @fields = $cp->fields;
      push(@rows, [@fields[@pat_slice]]);
    }
    \@rows;
  };
}

### Accessors, generators

sub start_date {
  my $self = shift;
  if (@_) {
    my $start_date = shift;
    my $clear = @_ ? shift : 1;
    $self->clear_cache if $clear;
    $self->{start_date} = defined $start_date ?
      $self->date_standardize($start_date) : undef;
  }
  $self->{start_date};
}

sub end_date {
  my $self = shift;
  if (@_) {
    my $end_date = shift;
    my $clear = @_ ? shift : 1;
    $self->clear_cache if $clear;
    $self->{end_date} = defined $end_date ?
      $self->date_standardize($end_date) : undef;
  }
  $self->{end_date};
}

sub date_standardize {
  my($self, @dates) = @_;
  return unless @dates;
  foreach (@dates) {
    $_ = ParseDate($_) or Carp::confess "Could not parse date '$_'\n";
    s/\d\d:.*//;
  }
  @dates > 1 ? @dates : ($dates[0]);
}

sub mydates {
  my $self = shift;
  $self->dates($self->{start_date}, $self->{end_date});
}

sub dates {
  my($self, $sdate, $edate) = @_;
  $sdate && $edate or croak "Start date and end date strings required\n";
  my($sd, $ed) = sort($self->date_standardize($sdate, $edate));
  my @dates;
  push(@dates, $sd) if Date_IsWorkDay($sd);
  my $cd = $self->date_standardize(Date_NextWorkDay($sd, 1));
  while ($cd <= $ed) {
    push(@dates, $cd);
    $cd = $self->date_standardize(Date_NextWorkDay($cd));
  }
  @dates;
}

sub symbols {
  my($self, @symbols) = @_;
  if (@symbols) {
    my %seen;
    grep(++$seen{$_}, grep(uc $_, @symbols));
    $self->{symbols} = [sort keys %seen];
    $self->clear_cache;
  }
  @{$self->{symbols}};
}

sub successors {
  my $self = shift;
  @{$self->{successors}};
}

sub clear_cache {
  my $self = shift;
  delete $self->{url_cache};
  delete $self->{results};
  1;
}

sub result_modes {
  my $self = shift;
  return () unless $self->{results};
  sort keys %{$self->{results}};
}

sub result_symbols {
  my($self, $target_mode) = @_;
  $target_mode ||= $self->target_mode;
  return () unless $self->{sources}{$target_mode};
  sort keys %{$self->{results}{$target_mode}};
}

sub results {
  my($self, $target_mode, $symbol) = @_;
  $self->{results}{$target_mode}{$symbol};
}

sub quote_source    { shift->source(shift, 'quote')    }
sub dividend_source { shift->source(shift, 'dividend') }
sub split_source    { shift->source(shift, 'split')    }
sub intraday_source { shift->source(shift, 'intraday') }

sub row_filter { shift->{row_filter} }

sub source {
  my($self, $symbol, $target_mode) = @_;
  croak "Ticker symbol required\n" unless $symbol;
  $target_mode ||= $self->target_mode;
  $self->{sources}{$target_mode}{$symbol} || '';
}

sub _target_source {
  my($self, $target_mode, $symbol, $source) = @_;
  croak "Target mode required\n"   unless $target_mode;
  croak "Ticker symbol required\n" unless $symbol;
  $symbol = uc $symbol;
  if ($source) {
    $self->{sources}{$target_mode}{$symbol} = $source;
  }
  $self->{sources}{$target_mode}{$symbol};
}

###

sub _summon_champion {
  # Instantiate the next class in line if this class failed in
  # fetching any quotes. Make sure and pass along the remaining
  # champions to the new champion.
  my($self, $champion_class, @bad_symbols) = @_;
  return undef unless ref $self->{lineup} && @{$self->{lineup}};
  print STDERR "Loading $champion_class\n" if $self->{verbose};
  eval "require $champion_class;";
  die $@ if $@;
  my $champion = $champion_class->new
    (
     symbols    => [@bad_symbols],
     start_date => $self->{start_date},
     end_date   => $self->{end_date},
     adjusted   => $self->{adjusted},
     verbose    => $self->{verbose},
     lineup     => [],
    );
  $champion;
}

### Toolbox

sub save_query    { shift->_save_restore_query(1) }
sub restore_query { shift->_save_restore_query(0) }
sub _save_restore_query {
  my($self, $save) = @_;
  $save = 1 unless defined $save;
  foreach (qw(parse_mode target_mode start_date end_date granularity quiet)) {
    my $qstr = "_query_$_";
    if ($save) {
      $self->{$qstr} = $self->{$_};
    }
    else {
      $self->{$_} = $self->{$qstr} if exists $self->{$qstr};
    }
  }
  $self;
}

sub ymd {
  my $self = shift;
  my @res = $_[0] =~ /^\s*(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})/o;
  shift =~ /^\s*(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})/o;
}

sub date_iterator {
  my $self = shift;
  my %parms = @_;
  my $start_date = $parms{start_date};
  my $end_date   = $parms{end_date} || 'today';
  my $increment  = $parms{increment};
  my $units      = $parms{units} || 'days';
  $increment && $increment > 0 or croak "Increment > 0 required\n";
  $start_date = ParseDate($start_date) if $start_date;
  $end_date   = ParseDate($end_date)   if $end_date;
  if ($start_date && $start_date gt $end_date) {
    ($start_date, $end_date) = ($end_date, $start_date);
  }
  my($low_date, $high_date);
  $high_date = $end_date;
  sub {
    return () unless $end_date;
    $low_date = DateCalc($high_date, "- $increment $units");
    if ($start_date && $low_date lt $start_date) {
      $low_date = $start_date;
      undef $start_date;
      undef $end_date;
      return () if $low_date eq $high_date;
    }
    my @date_pair = ($low_date, $high_date);
    $high_date = $low_date;
    @date_pair;
  }
}

1;

__END__