File Coverage

blib/lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/oracle.pm

Criterion	Covered	Total	%
statement	156	269	57.9
branch	30	70	42.8
condition	21	60	35.0
subroutine	52	68	76.4
pod	23	23	100.0
total	282	490	57.5

use 5.010;
use Moo;
use utf8;
use Path::Class;
use DBI;
use Try::Tiny;
use App::Sqitch::X qw(hurl);
use Locale::TextDomain qw(App-Sqitch);
use App::Sqitch::Plan::Change;
use List::Util qw(first);
use App::Sqitch::Types qw(DBH Dir ArrayRef);
use namespace::autoclean;

extends 'App::Sqitch::Engine';

our $VERSION = 'v1.3.0'; # VERSION

BEGIN {
    # We tell the Oracle connector which encoding to use. The last part of the
    # environment variable NLS_LANG is relevant concerning data encoding.
    $ENV{NLS_LANG} = 'AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8';

    # Disable SQLPATH so that no start scripts run.
    $ENV{SQLPATH} = '';
}

    my $self = shift;

    # Just use the target name if it doesn't look like a URI or if the URI
    # includes the database name.
    return $self->target->name if $self->target->name !~ /:/
        || $self->target->uri->dbname;

    # Use the URI sans password, and with the database name added.
    my $uri = $self->target->uri->clone;
    $uri->password(undef) if $uri->password;
    $uri->dbname(
           $ENV{TWO_TASK}
        || ( App::Sqitch::ISWIN ? $ENV{LOCAL} : undef )
        || $ENV{ORACLE_SID}
        || $self->username
    );
    return $uri->as_string;
}

# No username or password defaults.

has _sqlplus => (
    is         => 'ro',
    isa        => ArrayRef,
    lazy       => 1,
    default    => sub {
        my $self = shift;
        [ $self->client, qw(-S -L /nolog) ];
    },
);


has tmpdir => (
    is       => 'ro',
    isa      => Dir,
    lazy     => 1,
    default  => sub {
        require File::Temp;
        dir File::Temp::tempdir( CLEANUP => 1 );
    },
);


    file( ($ENV{ORACLE_HOME} || ()), 'sqlplus' )->stringify
}

has dbh => (
    is      => 'rw',
    isa     => DBH,
    lazy    => 1,
    default => sub {
        my $self = shift;
        $self->use_driver;

        my $uri = $self->uri;
        DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
            PrintError        => 0,
            RaiseError        => 0,
            AutoCommit        => 1,
            FetchHashKeyName  => 'NAME_lc',
            HandleError       => sub {
                my ($err, $dbh) = @_;
                $@ = $err;
                @_ = ($dbh->state || 'DEV' => $dbh->errstr);
                goto &hurl;
            },
            Callbacks         => {
                connected => sub {
                    my $dbh = shift;
                    $dbh->do("ALTER SESSION SET $_='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS TZR'") for qw(
                        nls_date_format
                        nls_timestamp_format
                        nls_timestamp_tz_format
                    );
                    if (my $schema = $self->registry) {
                        try {
                            $dbh->do("ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA = $schema");
                            # https://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.dbi.dev/2013/11/msg7622.html
                            $dbh->set_err(undef, undef) if $dbh->err;
                        };
                    }
                    return;
                },
            },
        });
    }
);

# Need to wait until dbh is defined.
with 'App::Sqitch::Role::DBIEngine';

    [ map { $_->format_name } $_[1]->tags ];
}

    [ map { $_->as_string } $_[1]->requires ];
}

    [ map { $_->as_string } $_[1]->conflicts ];
}

    # q{CAST(to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', '"year":YYYY:"month":MM:"day":DD') AS VARCHAR2(100 byte)) || CAST(to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', ':"hour":HH24:"minute":MI:"second":SS:"time_zone":"UTC"')  AS VARCHAR2(168 byte))}
    # Good grief, Oracle, WTF? https://github.com/sqitchers/sqitch/issues/316
    join ' || ', (
        q{to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', '"year":YYYY')},
        q{to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', ':"month":MM')},
        q{to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', ':"day":DD')},
        q{to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', ':"hour":HH24')},
        q{to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', ':"minute":MI')},
        q{to_char(%1$s AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', ':"second":SS')},
        q{':time_zone:UTC'},
    );
}


    my $dt = $_[1];
    join ' ', $dt->ymd('-'), $dt->hms(':'), $dt->time_zone->name;
}

    # https://stackoverflow.com/q/16313631/79202
    return q{CAST(COLLECT(CAST(%s AS VARCHAR2(512))) AS sqitch_array)};
}



    my ($self, $count, $expr) = @_;
    return join "\nUNION ALL ", ("SELECT $expr FROM dual") x $count;
}

    require App::Sqitch::DateTime;
    return App::Sqitch::DateTime->new(split /:/ => shift);
}

    my ( $self, $ord, $offset, $project ) = @_;

    return try {
        return $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(qq{
                        SELECT change_id FROM (
                                SELECT change_id, rownum as rnum FROM (
                                        SELECT change_id
                                            FROM changes
                                          WHERE project = ?
                                          ORDER BY committed_at $ord
                                )
                        ) WHERE rnum = ?
                }, undef, $project || $self->plan->project, ($offset // 0) + 1)->[0];
    } catch {
        return if $self->_no_table_error;
        die $_;
    };
}

    my ($self, $project, $change) = @_;
    return $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(qq{
                SELECT change_id FROM (
                        SELECT change_id
                            FROM changes
                          WHERE project = ?
                              AND change  = ?
                          ORDER BY committed_at DESC
                ) WHERE rownum = 1
        }, undef, $project, $change)->[0];
}

    my ( $self, $project, $with_hash ) = @_;
    my $cdtcol = sprintf $self->_ts2char_format, 'c.committed_at';
    my $pdtcol = sprintf $self->_ts2char_format, 'c.planned_at';
    my $tagcol = sprintf $self->_listagg_format, 't.tag';
    my $hshcol = $with_hash ? "c.script_hash\n                 , " : '';
    my $dbh    = $self->dbh;
    return $dbh->selectrow_hashref(qq{
                SELECT * FROM (
                        SELECT c.change_id
                                  , ${hshcol}c.change
                                  , c.project
                                  , c.note
                                  , c.committer_name
                                  , c.committer_email
                                  , $cdtcol AS committed_at
                                  , c.planner_name
                                  , c.planner_email
                                  , $pdtcol AS planned_at
                                  , $tagcol AS tags
                            FROM changes   c
                            LEFT JOIN tags t ON c.change_id = t.change_id
                          WHERE c.project = ?
                          GROUP BY c.change_id
                                  , ${hshcol}c.change
                                  , c.project
                                  , c.note
                                  , c.committer_name
                                  , c.committer_email
                                  , c.committed_at
                                  , c.planner_name
                                  , c.planner_email
                                  , c.planned_at
                          ORDER BY c.committed_at DESC
                ) WHERE rownum = 1
        }, undef, $project // $self->plan->project);
}

    my ( $self, $change ) = @_;
    $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(
        'SELECT 1 FROM changes WHERE change_id = ?',
        undef, $change->id
    )->[0];
}

    my $self = shift;
    return $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(q{
                SELECT 1
                    FROM all_tables
                  WHERE owner = UPPER(?)
                      AND table_name = 'CHANGES'
        }, undef, $self->registry || $self->username)->[0];
}

    my ( $self, $event, $change, $tags, $requires, $conflicts) = @_;
    my $dbh    = $self->dbh;
    my $sqitch = $self->sqitch;

    $tags      ||= $self->_log_tags_param($change);
    $requires  ||= $self->_log_requires_param($change);
    $conflicts ||= $self->_log_conflicts_param($change);

    # Use the sqitch_array() constructor to insert arrays of values.
    my $tag_ph = 'sqitch_array('. join(', ', ('?') x @{ $tags      }) . ')';
    my $req_ph = 'sqitch_array('. join(', ', ('?') x @{ $requires  }) . ')';
    my $con_ph = 'sqitch_array('. join(', ', ('?') x @{ $conflicts }) . ')';
    my $ts     = $self->_ts_default;

    $dbh->do(qq{
                INSERT INTO events (
                            event
                        , change_id
                        , change
                        , project
                        , note
                        , tags
                        , requires
                        , conflicts
                        , committer_name
                        , committer_email
                        , planned_at
                        , planner_name
                        , planner_email
                        , committed_at
                )
                VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, $tag_ph, $req_ph, $con_ph, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, $ts)
        }, undef,
        $event,
        $change->id,
        $change->name,
        $change->project,
        $change->note,
        @{ $tags      },
        @{ $requires  },
        @{ $conflicts },
        $sqitch->user_name,
        $sqitch->user_email,
        $self->_char2ts( $change->timestamp ),
        $change->planner_name,
        $change->planner_email,
    );

    return $self;
}

    my ( $self, $change ) = @_;
    # Why CTE: https://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=1005221
    return @{ $self->dbh->selectall_arrayref(q{
                WITH tag AS (
                        SELECT tag, committed_at, project,
                                      ROW_NUMBER() OVER (partition by project ORDER BY committed_at) AS rnk
                            FROM tags
                )
                SELECT c.change_id, c.project, c.change, t.tag AS asof_tag
                    FROM dependencies d
                    JOIN changes  c ON c.change_id = d.change_id
                    LEFT JOIN tag t ON t.project   = c.project AND t.committed_at >= c.committed_at
                  WHERE d.dependency_id = ?
                      AND (t.rnk IS NULL OR t.rnk = 1)
        }, { Slice => {} }, $change->id) };
}

    my ( $self, $change_id ) = @_;
    # Why CTE: https://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=1005221
    return $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(q{
                WITH tag AS (
                        SELECT tag, committed_at, project,
                                      ROW_NUMBER() OVER (partition by project ORDER BY committed_at) AS rnk
                            FROM tags
                )
                SELECT change || COALESCE(t.tag, '@HEAD')
                    FROM changes c
                    LEFT JOIN tag t ON c.project = t.project AND t.committed_at >= c.committed_at
                  WHERE change_id = ?
                      AND (t.rnk IS NULL OR t.rnk = 1)
        }, undef, $change_id)->[0];
}

    my ( $self, $change_id, $offset ) = @_;

    # Just return the ID if there is no offset.
    return $change_id unless $offset;

    # Are we offset forwards or backwards?
    my ( $dir, $op ) = $offset > 0 ? ( 'ASC', '>' ) : ( 'DESC' , '<' );
    return $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(qq{
                SELECT id FROM (
                        SELECT id, rownum AS rnum FROM (
                                SELECT change_id AS id
                                    FROM changes
                                  WHERE project = ?
                                      AND committed_at $op (
                                              SELECT committed_at FROM changes WHERE change_id = ?
                                  )
                                  ORDER BY committed_at $dir
                        )
                ) WHERE rnum = ?
        }, undef, $self->plan->project, $change_id, abs $offset)->[0];
}

    my ( $self, $change_id, $offset ) = @_;

    # Just return the object if there is no offset.
    return $self->load_change($change_id) unless $offset;

    # Are we offset forwards or backwards?
    my ( $dir, $op ) = $offset > 0 ? ( 'ASC', '>' ) : ( 'DESC' , '<' );
    my $tscol  = sprintf $self->_ts2char_format, 'c.planned_at';
    my $tagcol = sprintf $self->_listagg_format, 't.tag';

    my $change = $self->dbh->selectrow_hashref(qq{
                SELECT id, name, project, note, timestamp, planner_name, planner_email, tags, script_hash
                    FROM (
                            SELECT id, name, project, note, timestamp, planner_name, planner_email, tags, script_hash, rownum AS rnum
                                FROM (
                                    SELECT c.change_id AS id, c.change AS name, c.project, c.note,
                                                  $tscol AS timestamp, c.planner_name, c.planner_email,
                                                  $tagcol AS tags, c.script_hash
                                        FROM changes   c
                                        LEFT JOIN tags t ON c.change_id = t.change_id
                                      WHERE c.project = ?
                                          AND c.committed_at $op (
                                                  SELECT committed_at FROM changes WHERE change_id = ?
                                      )
                                      GROUP BY c.change_id, c.change, c.project, c.note, c.planned_at,
                                                  c.planner_name, c.planner_email, c.committed_at, c.script_hash
                                      ORDER BY c.committed_at $dir
                            )
                  ) WHERE rnum = ?
        }, undef, $self->plan->project, $change_id, abs $offset) || return undef;
    $change->{timestamp} = _dt $change->{timestamp};
    return $change;
}

    my ( $self, $tag ) = @_;
    return $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(
        'SELECT 1 FROM tags WHERE tag_id = ?',
        undef, $tag->id
    )->[0];
}

    my $self = shift;
    @{ $self->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(
        'SELECT change_id FROM changes WHERE ' . _change_id_in(scalar @_),
        undef,
        map { $_->id } @_,
    ) };
}

    my $i = shift;
    my @qs;
    while ($i > 250) {
        push @qs => 'change_id IN (' . join(', ' => ('?') x 250) . ')';
        $i -= 250;
    }
    push @qs => 'change_id IN (' . join(', ' => ('?') x $i) . ')' if $i > 0;
    return join ' OR ', @qs;
}

    my $self   = shift;
    my $schema = $self->registry;
    return $schema ? ("DEFINE registry=$schema") : (
        # Select the current schema into &registry.
        # https://www.orafaq.com/node/515
        'COLUMN sname for a30 new_value registry',
        q{SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_SCHEMA') AS sname FROM DUAL;},
    );
}

    my $self   = shift;
    my $schema = $self->registry;
    hurl engine => __ 'Sqitch already initialized' if $self->initialized;

    # Load up our database.
    (my $file = file(__FILE__)->dir->file('oracle.sql')) =~ s/"/""/g;
    $self->_run_with_verbosity($file);
    $self->dbh->do("ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA = $schema") if $schema;
    $self->_register_release;
}

# Override for special handling of regular the expression operator and
# LIMIT/OFFSET.
    my ( $self, %p ) = @_;

    # Determine order direction.
    my $dir = 'DESC';
    if (my $d = delete $p{direction}) {
        $dir = $d =~ /^ASC/i  ? 'ASC'
             : $d =~ /^DESC/i ? 'DESC'
             : hurl 'Search direction must be either "ASC" or "DESC"';
    }

    # Limit with regular expressions?
    my (@wheres, @params);
    for my $spec (
        [ committer => 'committer_name' ],
        [ planner   => 'planner_name'   ],
        [ change    => 'change'         ],
        [ project   => 'project'        ],
    ) {
        my $regex = delete $p{ $spec->[0] } // next;
        push @wheres => "REGEXP_LIKE($spec->[1], ?)";
        push @params => $regex;
    }

    # Match events?
    if (my $e = delete $p{event} ) {
        my ($in, @vals) = $self->_in_expr( $e );
        push @wheres => "event $in";
        push @params => @vals;
    }

    # Assemble the where clause.
    my $where = @wheres
        ? "\n         WHERE " . join( "\n               ", @wheres )
        : '';

    # Handle remaining parameters.
    my ($lim, $off) = (delete $p{limit}, delete $p{offset});

    hurl 'Invalid parameters passed to search_events(): '
        . join ', ', sort keys %p if %p;

    # Prepare, execute, and return.
    my $cdtcol = sprintf $self->_ts2char_format, 'committed_at';
    my $pdtcol = sprintf $self->_ts2char_format, 'planned_at';
    my $sql = qq{
                SELECT event
                          , project
                          , change_id
                          , change
                          , note
                          , requires
                          , conflicts
                          , tags
                          , committer_name
                          , committer_email
                          , $cdtcol AS committed_at
                          , planner_name
                          , planner_email
                          , $pdtcol AS planned_at
                    FROM events$where
                  ORDER BY events.committed_at $dir
        };

    if ($lim || $off) {
        my @limits;
        if ($lim) {
            $off //= 0;
            push @params => $lim + $off;
            push @limits => 'rnum <= ?';
        }
        if ($off) {
            push @params => $off;
            push @limits => 'rnum > ?';
        }

        $sql = "SELECT * FROM ( SELECT ROWNUM AS rnum, i.* FROM ($sql) i ) WHERE "
            . join ' AND ', @limits;
    }

    my $sth = $self->dbh->prepare($sql);
    $sth->execute(@params);
    return sub {
        my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref or return;
        delete $row->{rnum};
        $row->{committed_at} = _dt $row->{committed_at};
        $row->{planned_at}   = _dt $row->{planned_at};
        return $row;
    };
}

# Override to lock the changes table. This ensures that only one instance of
# Sqitch runs at one time.
    my $self = shift;
    my $dbh = $self->dbh;

    # Start transaction and lock changes to allow only one change at a time.
    $dbh->begin_work;
    $dbh->do('LOCK TABLE changes IN EXCLUSIVE MODE');
    return $self;
}

    my ($self, $file) = @_;

    # Just use the file if no special character.
    if ($file !~ /[@?%\$]/) {
        $file =~ s/"/""/g;
        return $file;
    }

    # Alias or copy the file to a temporary directory that's removed on exit.
    (my $alias = $file->basename) =~ s/[@?%\$]/_/g;
    $alias = $self->tmpdir->file($alias);

    # Remove existing file.
    if (-e $alias) {
        $alias->remove or hurl oracle => __x(
            'Cannot remove {file}: {error}',
            file  => $alias,
            error => $!
        );
    }

    if (App::Sqitch::ISWIN) {
        # Copy it.
        $file->copy_to($alias) or hurl oracle => __x(
            'Cannot copy {file} to {alias}: {error}',
            file  => $file,
            alias => $alias,
            error => $!
        );
    } else {
        # Symlink it.
        $alias->remove;
        symlink $file->absolute, $alias or hurl oracle => __x(
            'Cannot symlink {file} to {alias}: {error}',
            file  => $file,
            alias => $alias,
            error => $!
        );
    }

    # Return the alias.
    $alias =~ s/"/""/g;
    return $alias;
}

    my $self = shift;
    my $file = $self->_file_for_script(shift);
    $self->_run(qq{\@"$file"});
}

    my $self = shift;
    my $file = $self->_file_for_script(shift);
    # Suppress STDOUT unless we want extra verbosity.
    my $meth = $self->can($self->sqitch->verbosity > 1 ? '_run' : '_capture');
    $self->$meth(qq{\@"$file"});
}


    my ($self, $fh) = @_;
    my $conn = $self->_script;
    open my $tfh, '<:utf8_strict', \$conn;
    $self->sqitch->spool( [$tfh, $fh], $self->sqlplus );
}

# Override to take advantage of the RETURNING expression, and to save tags as
# an array rather than a space-delimited string.
    my ($self, $change) = @_;
    my $dbh = $self->dbh;
    my $cid = $change->id;

    # Delete tags.
    my $sth = $dbh->prepare(
        'DELETE FROM tags WHERE change_id = ? RETURNING tag INTO ?',
    );
    $sth->bind_param(1, $cid);
    $sth->bind_param_inout_array(2, my $del_tags = [], 0, {
        ora_type => DBD::Oracle::ORA_VARCHAR2()
    });
    $sth->execute;

    # Retrieve dependencies.
    my $depcol = sprintf $self->_listagg_format, 'dependency';
    my ($req, $conf) = $dbh->selectrow_array(qq{
                SELECT (
                        SELECT $depcol
                            FROM dependencies
                          WHERE change_id = ?
                              AND type = 'require'
                ),
                (
                        SELECT $depcol
                            FROM dependencies
                          WHERE change_id = ?
                              AND type = 'conflict'
                ) FROM dual
        }, undef, $cid, $cid);

    # Delete the change record.
    $dbh->do(
        'DELETE FROM changes where change_id = ?',
        undef, $change->id,
    );

    # Log it.
    return $self->_log_event( revert => $change, $del_tags, $req, $conf );
}

    return $DBI::err && $DBI::err == 942; # ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
}

    return $DBI::err && $DBI::err == 904; # ORA-00904: invalid identifier
}

    my $self = shift;
    my $uri  = $self->uri;
    my $conn = '';
    my ($user, $pass, $host, $port) = (
        $self->username, $self->password, $uri->host, $uri->_port
    );
    if ($user || $pass || $host || $port) {
        $conn = $user // '';
        if ($pass) {
            $pass =~ s/"/""/g;
            $conn .= qq{/"$pass"};
        }
        if (my $db = $uri->dbname) {
            $conn .= '@';
            $db =~ s/"/""/g;
            if ($host || $port) {
                $conn .= '//' . ($host || '');
                if ($port) {
                    $conn .= ":$port";
                }
                $conn .= qq{/"$db"};
            } else {
                $conn .= qq{"$db"};
            }
        }
    } else {
        # OS authentication or Oracle wallet (no username or password).
        if (my $db = $uri->dbname) {
            $db =~ s/"/""/g;
            $conn = qq{/@"$db"};
        }
    }
    my %vars = $self->variables;

    return join "\n" => (
        'SET ECHO OFF NEWP 0 SPA 0 PAGES 0 FEED OFF HEAD OFF TRIMS ON TAB OFF VERIFY OFF',
        'WHENEVER OSERROR EXIT 9;',
        'WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT SQL.SQLCODE;',
        (map {; (my $v = $vars{$_}) =~ s/"/""/g; qq{DEFINE $_="$v"} } sort keys %vars),
        "connect $conn",
        $self->_registry_variable,
        @_
    );
}

    my $self = shift;
    my $script = $self->_script(@_);
    open my $fh, '<:utf8_strict', \$script;
    return $self->sqitch->spool( $fh, $self->sqlplus );
}

    my $self = shift;
    my $conn = $self->_script(@_);
    my @out;

    require IPC::Run3;
    IPC::Run3::run3(
        [$self->sqlplus], \$conn, \@out, \@out,
        { return_if_system_error => 1 },
    );
    if (my $err = $?) {
        # Ugh, send everything to STDERR.
        $self->sqitch->vent(@out);
        hurl io => __x(
            '{command} unexpectedly returned exit value {exitval}',
            command => $self->client,
            exitval => ($err >> 8),
        );
    }

    return wantarray ? @out : \@out;
}

1;


=head1 Name

App::Sqitch::Engine::oracle - Sqitch Oracle Engine

=head1 Synopsis

  my $oracle = App::Sqitch::Engine->load( engine => 'oracle' );

=head1 Description

App::Sqitch::Engine::oracle provides the Oracle storage engine for Sqitch. It
supports Oracle 10g and higher.

=head1 Interface

=head2 Instance Methods

=head3 C<initialized>

  $oracle->initialize unless $oracle->initialized;

Returns true if the database has been initialized for Sqitch, and false if it
has not.

=head3 C<initialize>

  $oracle->initialize;

Initializes a database for Sqitch by installing the Sqitch registry schema.

=head3 C<sqlplus>

Returns a list containing the C<sqlplus> client and options to be passed to it.
Used internally when executing scripts.

=head1 Author

David E. Wheeler <[e-mail]>

=head1 License

Copyright (c) 2012-2022 iovation Inc., David E. Wheeler

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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SOFTWARE.

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