|  line  | 
 stmt  | 
 bran  | 
 cond  | 
 sub  | 
 pod  | 
 time  | 
 code  | 
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1
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 =head1 NAME  | 
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2
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3
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 Text::NSP::Measures::2D::odds - Perl module to compute the Odds  | 
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                                 ratio for bigrams.  | 
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5
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 =head1 SYNOPSIS  | 
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 =head3 Basic Usage  | 
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9
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10
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  use Text::NSP::Measures::2D::odds;  | 
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11
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12
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   my $npp = 60; my $n1p = 20; my $np1 = 20;  my $n11 = 10;  | 
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13
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14
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   $odds_value = calculateStatistic( n11=>$n11,  | 
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15
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                                       n1p=>$n1p,  | 
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16
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                                       np1=>$np1,  | 
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17
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                                       npp=>$npp);  | 
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18
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19
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   if( ($errorCode = getErrorCode()))  | 
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20
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   {  | 
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21
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     print STDERR $errorCode." - ".getErrorMessage()."\n"";  | 
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22
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   }  | 
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23
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   else  | 
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24
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   {  | 
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25
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     print getStatisticName."value for bigram is ".$odds_value."\n"";  | 
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26
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   }  | 
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27
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29
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30
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 =head1 DESCRIPTION  | 
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31
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32
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 Assume that the frequency count data associated with a bigram  | 
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33
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  is stored in a 2x2 contingency table:  | 
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34
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35
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           word2   ~word2  | 
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   word1    n11      n12 | n1p  | 
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37
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  ~word1    n21      n22 | n2p  | 
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38
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            --------------  | 
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39
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            np1      np2   npp  | 
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40
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41
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 where n11 is the number of times  occur together, and  | 
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42
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 n12 is the number of times  occurs with some word other than  | 
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43
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 word2, and n1p is the number of times in total that word1 occurs as  | 
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44
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 the first word in a bigram.  | 
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45
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46
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 The odds ratio computes the ratio of the number of times that  | 
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 the words in a bigram occur together (or not at all) to the  | 
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 number of times the words occur individually. It is the cross  | 
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49
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 product of the diagonal and the off-diagonal.  | 
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50
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51
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 Thus, ODDS RATIO = n11*n22/n21*n12  | 
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53
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 if n21 and/or n12 is 0, then each zero value is "smoothed" to one to  | 
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54
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 avoid a zero in the denominator.  | 
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55
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56
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 =over  | 
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57
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    | 
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58
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 =cut  | 
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59
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60
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61
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 package Text::NSP::Measures::2D::odds;  | 
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62
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63
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64
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1
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1
  
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1406
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 use Text::NSP::Measures::2D;  | 
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1
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3
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1
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221
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65
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1
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1
  
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6
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 use strict;  | 
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1
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1
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1
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27
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66
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1
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1
  
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5
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 use Carp;  | 
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1
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3
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1
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51
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67
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1
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1
  
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5
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 use warnings;  | 
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1
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2
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1
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35
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68
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1
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1
  
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4
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 no warnings 'redefine';  | 
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1
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1
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1
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294
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| 
69
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 require Exporter;  | 
| 
70
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| 
71
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 our ($VERSION, @EXPORT, @ISA);  | 
| 
72
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| 
73
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 @ISA  = qw(Exporter);  | 
| 
74
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| 
75
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 @EXPORT = qw(initializeStatistic calculateStatistic  | 
| 
76
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              getErrorCode getErrorMessage getStatisticName);  | 
| 
77
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    | 
| 
78
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 $VERSION = '0.97';  | 
| 
79
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    | 
| 
80
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| 
81
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 =item calculateStatistic() - method to calculate the odds ratio value!  | 
| 
82
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| 
83
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 INPUT PARAMS  : $count_values       .. Reference of an hash containing  | 
| 
84
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                                        the count values computed by the  | 
| 
85
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                                        count.pl program.  | 
| 
86
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    | 
| 
87
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 RETURN VALUES : $odds               .. Odds ratio for this bigram.  | 
| 
88
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    | 
| 
89
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 =cut  | 
| 
90
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| 
91
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 sub calculateStatistic  | 
| 
92
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 {  | 
| 
93
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28
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28
  
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518
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   my %values = @_;  | 
| 
94
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| 
95
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   # computes and returns the marginal totals from the frequency  | 
| 
96
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   # combination values. returns undef if there is an error in  | 
| 
97
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   # the computation or the values are inconsistent.  | 
| 
98
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28
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100
  
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88
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   if(!(Text::NSP::Measures::2D::computeMarginalTotals(\%values)) ){  | 
| 
99
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5
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19
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     return;  | 
| 
100
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   }  | 
| 
101
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    | 
| 
102
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   # computes and returns the observed from the frequency  | 
| 
103
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   # combination values. returns 0 if there is an error in  | 
| 
104
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   # the computation or the values are inconsistent.  | 
| 
105
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23
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100
  
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73
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   if( !(Text::NSP::Measures::2D::computeObservedValues(\%values)) ) {  | 
| 
106
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5
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15
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       return(0);  | 
| 
107
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   }  | 
| 
108
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| 
109
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   # Add-one smoothing to avoid zero denominator  | 
| 
110
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    | 
| 
111
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18
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 50
  
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42
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   if ($n21 == 0)  | 
| 
112
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   {  | 
| 
113
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0
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0
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     $n21 = 1;  | 
| 
114
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   }  | 
| 
115
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18
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 50
  
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45
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   if ($n12 == 0)  | 
| 
116
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   {  | 
| 
117
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0
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0
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     $n12 = 1;  | 
| 
118
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   }  | 
| 
119
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    | 
| 
120
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18
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32
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   my $odds = (($n11*$n22) / ($n12*$n21));  | 
| 
121
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    | 
| 
122
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18
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63
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   return ($odds);  | 
| 
123
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 }  | 
| 
124
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    | 
| 
125
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| 
126
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| 
127
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 =item getStatisticName() - Returns the name of this statistic  | 
| 
128
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    | 
| 
129
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 INPUT PARAMS  : none  | 
| 
130
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    | 
| 
131
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 RETURN VALUES : $name      .. Name of the measure.  | 
| 
132
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    | 
| 
133
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 =cut  | 
| 
134
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    | 
| 
135
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 sub getStatisticName  | 
| 
136
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 {  | 
| 
137
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0
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0
  
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   return "Odds Ratio";  | 
| 
138
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 }  | 
| 
139
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    | 
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140
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141
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    | 
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142
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 1;  | 
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143
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 __END__  |