File Coverage

blib/lib/Monitoring/Plugin/Getopt.pm

Criterion	Covered	Total	%
statement	214	218	98.1
branch	76	86	88.3
condition	25	41	60.9
subroutine	31	31	100.0
pod	1	3	33.3
total	347	379	91.5

package Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt;

#
# Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt - OO perl module providing standardised argument
#   processing for nagios plugins
#

use 5.006;
use strict;
use warnings;

use File::Basename;
use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_ignore_case bundling);
use Carp;
use Params::Validate qw(:all);
use base qw(Class::Accessor);

use Monitoring::Plugin::Functions;
use Monitoring::Plugin::Config;
use vars qw($VERSION);
$VERSION = $Monitoring::Plugin::Functions::VERSION;

# Standard defaults
my %DEFAULT = (
  timeout => 15,
  verbose => 0,
  license =>
"This nagios plugin is free software, and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
It may be used, redistributed and/or modified under the terms of the GNU
General Public Licence (see http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/gpl.txt).",
);
# Standard arguments
my @ARGS = ({
    spec => 'usage|?',
    help => "-?, --usage\n   Print usage information",
  }, {
    spec => 'help|h',
    help => "-h, --help\n   Print detailed help screen",
  }, {
    spec => 'version|V',
    help => "-V, --version\n   Print version information",
  }, {
    spec => 'extra-opts:s@',
    help => "--extra-opts=[section][\@file]\n   Read options from an ini file. See https://www.monitoring-plugins.org/doc/extra-opts.html\n   for usage and examples.",
  }, {
    spec => 'timeout|t=i',
    help => "-t, --timeout=INTEGER\n   Seconds before plugin times out (default: %s)",
    default => $DEFAULT{timeout},
  }, {
    spec => 'verbose|v+',
    help => "-v, --verbose\n   Show details for command-line debugging (can repeat up to 3 times)",
    default => $DEFAULT{verbose},
  },
);
# Standard arguments we traditionally display last in the help output
my %DEFER_ARGS = map { $_ => 1 } qw(timeout verbose);

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Private methods

sub _die
{
  my $self = shift;
  my ($msg) = @_;
  $msg .= "\n" unless substr($msg, -1) eq "\n";
  Monitoring::Plugin::Functions::_plugin_exit(3, $msg);
}

# Return the given attribute, if set, including a final newline
sub _attr
{
  my $self = shift;
  my ($item, $extra) = @_;
  $extra = '' unless defined $extra;
  return '' unless $self->{_attr}->{$item};
  $self->{_attr}->{$item} . "\n" . $extra;
}

# Turn argument spec into help-style output
sub _spec_to_help
{
  my ($self, $spec, $label) = @_;

  my ($opts, $type) = split /=/, $spec, 2;
  my (@short, @long);
  for (split /\|/, $opts) {
    if (length $_ == 1) {
      push @short, "-$_";
    } else {
      push @long, "--$_";
    }
  }

  my $help = join(', ', @short, @long);
  if ($type) {
    if ($label) {
      $help .= '=' . $label;
    }
    else {
      $help .= $type eq 'i' ? '=INTEGER' : '=STRING';
    }
  }
  elsif ($label) {
    carp "Label specified, but there's no type in spec '$spec'";
  }
  $help .= "\n   ";
  return $help;
}

# Options output for plugin -h
sub _options
{
  my $self = shift;

  my @args = ();
  my @defer = ();
  for (@{$self->{_args}}) {
    if (exists $DEFER_ARGS{$_->{name}}) {
      push @defer, $_;
    } else {
      push @args, $_;
    }
  }

  my @options = ();
  for my $arg (@args, @defer) {
    my $help_array = ref $arg->{help} && ref $arg->{help} eq 'ARRAY' ? $arg->{help} : [ $arg->{help} ];
    my $label_array = $arg->{label} && ref $arg->{label} && ref $arg->{label} eq 'ARRAY' ? $arg->{label} : [ $arg->{label} ];
    my $help_string = '';
    for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#$help_array; $i++) {
      my $help = $help_array->[$i];
      # Add spec arguments to help if not already there
      if ($help =~ m/^\s*-/) {
        $help_string .= $help;
      }
      else {
        $help_string .= $self->_spec_to_help($arg->{spec}, $label_array->[$i]) . $help;
        $help_string .= "\n " if $i < $#$help_array;
      }
    }

    # Add help_string to @options
    if ($help_string =~ m/%s/) {
      my $default = defined $arg->{default} ? $arg->{default} : '';
      # We only handle '%s' formats here, so escape everything else
      $help_string =~ s/%(?!s)/%%/g;
      push @options, sprintf($help_string, $default, $default, $default, $default);
    } else {
      push @options, $help_string;
    }
  }

  return ' ' . join("\n ", @options);
}

# Output for plugin -? (or missing/invalid args)
sub _usage
{
  my $self = shift;
  sprintf $self->_attr('usage'), $self->{_attr}->{plugin};
}

# Output for plugin -V
sub _revision
{
  my $self = shift;
  my $revision = sprintf "%s %s", $self->{_attr}->{plugin}, $self->{_attr}->{version};
  $revision .= sprintf " [%s]", $self->{_attr}->{url} if $self->{_attr}->{url};
  $revision .= "\n";
  $revision;
}

# Output for plugin -h
sub _help
{
  my $self = shift;
  my $help = '';
  $help .= $self->_revision . "\n";
  $help .= $self->_attr('license', "\n");
  $help .= $self->_attr('blurb', "\n");
  $help .= $self->_usage   ? $self->_usage   . "\n" : '';
  $help .= $self->_options ? $self->_options . "\n" : '';
  $help .= $self->_attr('extra', "\n");
  return $help;
}

# Return a Getopt::Long-compatible option array from the current set of specs
sub _process_specs_getopt_long
{
  my $self = shift;

  my @opts = ();
  for my $arg (@{$self->{_args}}) {
    push @opts, $arg->{spec};
    # Setup names and defaults
    my $spec = $arg->{spec};
    # Use first arg as name (like Getopt::Long does)
    $spec =~ s/[=:].*$//;
    my $name = (split /\s*\|\s*/, $spec)[0];
    $arg->{name} = $name;
    if (defined $self->{$name}) {
      $arg->{default} = $self->{$name};
    } else {
      $self->{$name} = $arg->{default};
    }
  }

  return @opts;
}

# Check for existence of required arguments
sub _check_required_opts
{
  my $self = shift;

  my @missing = ();
  for my $arg (@{$self->{_args}}) {
    if ($arg->{required} && ! defined $self->{$arg->{name}}) {
      push @missing, $arg->{name};
    }
  }
  if (@missing) {
    $self->_die($self->_usage . "\n" .
        join("\n", map { sprintf "Missing argument: %s", $_ } @missing) . "\n");
  }
}

# Process and handle any immediate options
sub _process_opts
{
  my $self = shift;

  # Print message and exit for usage, version, help
  $self->_die($self->_usage)    if $self->{usage};
  $self->_die($self->_revision) if $self->{version};
  $self->_die($self->_help)     if $self->{help};
}

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Default opts methods

sub _load_config_section
{
  my $self = shift;
  my ($section, $file, $flags) = @_;
  $section ||= $self->{_attr}->{plugin};

  my $Config;
  eval { $Config = Monitoring::Plugin::Config->read($file); };
  $self->_die($@) if ($@); #TODO: add test?

  # TODO: is this check sane? Does --extra-opts=foo require a [foo] section?
  ## Nevertheless, if we die as UNKNOWN here we should do the same on default
  ## file *added eval/_die above*.
  $file ||= $Config->mp_getfile();
  $self->_die("Invalid section '$section' in config file '$file'")
    unless exists $Config->{$section};

  return $Config->{$section};
}

# Helper method to setup a hash of spec definitions for _cmdline
sub _setup_spec_index
{
  my $self = shift;
  return if defined $self->{_spec};
  $self->{_spec} = { map { $_->{name} => $_->{spec} } @{$self->{_args}} };
}

# Quote values that require it
sub _cmdline_value
{
  my $self = shift;
  local $_ = shift;
  if (m/\s/ && (m/^[^"']/ || m/[^"']$/)) {
    return qq("$_");
  }
  elsif ($_ eq '') {
    return q("");
  }
  else {
    return $_;
  }
}

# Helper method to format key/values in $hash in a quasi-commandline format
sub _cmdline
{
  my $self = shift;
  my ($hash) = @_;
  $hash ||= $self;

  $self->_setup_spec_index;

  my @args = ();
  for my $key (sort keys %$hash) {
    # Skip internal keys
    next if $key =~ m/^_/;

    # Skip defaults and internals
    next if exists $DEFAULT{$key} && $hash->{$key} eq $DEFAULT{$key};
    next if grep { $key eq $_ } qw(help usage version extra-opts);
    next unless defined $hash->{$key};

    # Render arg
    my $spec = $self->{_spec}->{$key} || '';
    if ($spec =~ m/[=:].+$/) {
      # Arg takes value - may be a scalar or an arrayref
      for my $value (ref $hash->{$key} eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$hash->{$key}} : ( $hash->{$key} )) {
        $value = $self->_cmdline_value($value);
        if (length($key) > 1) {
          push @args, sprintf "--%s=%s", $key, $value;
        }
        else {
          push @args, "-$key", $value;
        }
      }
    }

    else {
      # Flag - render long or short based on option length
      push @args, (length($key) > 1 ? '--' : '-') . $key;
    }
  }

  return wantarray ? @args : join(' ', @args);
}

# Process and load extra-opts sections
sub _process_extra_opts
{
  my $self = shift;
  my ($args) = @_;

  my $extopts_list = $args->{'extra-opts'};

  my @sargs = ();
  for my $extopts (@$extopts_list) {
    $extopts ||= $self->{_attr}->{plugin};
    my $section = $extopts;
    my $file = '';

    # Parse section@file
    if ($extopts =~ m/^([^@]*)@(.*?)\s*$/) {
      $section = $1;
      $file = $2;
    }

    # Load section args
    my $shash = $self->_load_config_section($section, $file);

    # Turn $shash into a series of commandline-like arguments
    push @sargs, $self->_cmdline($shash);
  }

  # Reset ARGV to extra-opts + original
  @ARGV = ( @sargs, @{$self->{_attr}->{argv}} );

  printf "[extra-opts] %s %s\n", $self->{_attr}->{plugin}, join(' ', @ARGV)
    if $args->{verbose} && $args->{verbose} >= 3;
}

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Public methods

# Define plugin argument
sub arg
{
  my $self = shift;
  my %args;

  # Named args
  if ($_[0] =~ m/^(spec|help|required|default)$/ && scalar(@_) % 2 == 0) {
    %args = validate( @_, {
      spec => 1,
      help => 1,
      default => 0,
      required => 0,
      label => 0,
    });
  }

  # Positional args
  else {
    my @args = validate_pos(@_, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
    %args = (
      spec      => $args[0],
      help      => $args[1],
      default   => $args[2],
      required  => $args[3],
      label     => $args[4],
    );
  }

  # Add to private args arrayref
  push @{$self->{_args}}, \%args;
}

# Process the @ARGV array using the current _args list (possibly exiting)
sub getopts
{
  my $self = shift;

  # Collate spec arguments for Getopt::Long
  my @opt_array = $self->_process_specs_getopt_long;

  # Capture original @ARGV (for extra-opts games)
  $self->{_attr}->{argv} = [ @ARGV ];

  # Call GetOptions using @opt_array
  my $args1 = {};
  my $ok = GetOptions($args1, @opt_array);
  # Invalid options - give usage message and exit
  $self->_die($self->_usage) unless $ok;

  # Process extra-opts
  $self->_process_extra_opts($args1);

  # Call GetOptions again, this time including extra-opts
  $ok = GetOptions($self, @opt_array);
  # Invalid options - give usage message and exit
  $self->_die($self->_usage) unless $ok;

  # Process immediate options (possibly exiting)
  $self->_process_opts;

  # Required options (possibly exiting)
  $self->_check_required_opts;

  # Setup accessors for options
  $self->mk_ro_accessors(grep ! /^_/, keys %$self);

  # Setup default alarm handler for alarm($ng->timeout) in plugin
  $SIG{ALRM} = sub {
    my $plugin = uc $self->{_attr}->{plugin};
    $plugin =~ s/^check_//;
    $self->_die(
      sprintf("%s UNKNOWN - plugin timed out (timeout %ss)",
        $plugin, $self->timeout));
  };
}

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Constructor

sub _init
{
  my $self = shift;

  # Check params
  my $plugin = basename($ENV{PLUGIN_NAME} || $ENV{NAGIOS_PLUGIN} || $0);
  my %attr = validate( @_, {
    usage => 1,
    version => 0,
    url => 0,
    plugin => { default => $plugin },
    blurb => 0,
    extra => 0,
    'extra-opts' => 0,
    license => { default => $DEFAULT{license} },
    timeout => { default => $DEFAULT{timeout} },
  });

  # Add attr to private _attr hash (except timeout)
  $self->{timeout} = delete $attr{timeout};
  $self->{_attr} = { %attr };
  # Chomp _attr values
  chomp foreach values %{$self->{_attr}};

  # Setup initial args list
  $self->{_args} = [ @ARGS ];

  $self
}

sub new
{
  my $class = shift;
  my $self = bless {}, $class;
  $self->_init(@_);
}

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------

1;

__END__