File Coverage

blib/lib/Mnet.pm

Criterion	Covered	Total	%
statement	8	8	100.0
branch			n/a
condition			n/a
subroutine	3	3	100.0
pod			n/a
total	11	11	100.0

package Mnet;

# version number used by Makefile.PL
#   these should be set to "dev", expect when creating a new release
#   refer to developer build notes in Makefile.PL for more info
our $VERSION = "5.23-TRIAL03";

=head1 NAME

Mnet - Testable network automation and reporting

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    # sample script to report Loopback0 ip on cisco devices
    #
    #   demonstrates typical use of all major Mnet modules
    #
    #   --help to list all options, also --help
    #   --device  to connect to device with logging
    #   --username and --password should be set if necessary
    #   --debug to generate extra detailed logging outputs
    #   --batch  to process multiple --device lines
    #   --report csv: to create an output csv file
    #   --record  to create replayable test file
    #   --test --replay  for regression test output
    #
    #   refer to various Mnet modules' perldoc for more info

    # load modules
    use warnings;
    use strict;
    use Mnet::Batch;
    use Mnet::Expect::Cli::Ios;
    use Mnet::Log qw(DEBUG INFO WARN FATAL);
    use Mnet::Opts::Cli;
    use Mnet::Report::Table;
    use Mnet::Stanza;
    use Mnet::Test;

    # define --device, --username, --password, and --report cli options
    #   record, redact, default, and help option attributes are shown
    Mnet::Opts::Cli::define({ getopt => "device=s", record => 1 });
    Mnet::Opts::Cli::define({ getopt => "username=s" });
    Mnet::Opts::Cli::define({ getopt => "password=s", redact  => 1 });
    Mnet::Opts::Cli::define({ getopt => "report=s", default => undef,
        help_tip    => "specify report output, csv, json, sql, etc",
        help_text   => "perldoc Mnet::Report::Table for more info",
    });

    # create object to access command line options and Mnet env variable
    #   export Mnet="--password ''" env var from secure file
    my $cli = Mnet::Opts::Cli->new("Mnet");

    # define output --report table, will include first of any errors
    #   use --report cli opt to output data as csv, json, or sql, etc
    my $report = Mnet::Report::Table->new({
        columns => [
            device  => "string",
            error   => "error",
            ip      => "string",
        ],
        output  => $cli->report,
    });

    # fork children if in --batch mode, cli opts set for current child
    #   process one device or ten thousand devices with the same script
    #   exit --batch parent process here when finished forking children
    $cli = Mnet::Batch::fork($cli);
    exit if not $cli;

    # output report row for device error if script dies before finishing
    $report->row_on_error({ device => $cli->device });

    # call logging function, also create log object for current --device
    FATAL("missing --device") if not $cli->device;
    my $log = Mnet::Log->new({ log_id => $cli->device });
    $log->info("processing device");

    # uncomment the push commands below to skip ssh host key checks
    #   ideally host keys are already accepted, perhaps via manual ssh
    my @ssh = qw(ssh);
    #push @ssh, qw(-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no);
    #push @ssh, qw(-o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null);

    # create an expect ssh session to current --device
    #   log ssh login/auth prompts as info, instead of default debug
    #   password_in set to prompt for password if --password opt not set
    #   for non-ios devices refer to perldoc Mnet::Expect::Cli
    my $ssh = Mnet::Expect::Cli::Ios->new({
        spawn       => [ @ssh, "$cli->{username}\@$cli->{device}" ],
        log_id      => $cli->{device},
        log_login   => "info",
        password    => $cli->password,
        password_in => 1,
    });

    # retrieve ios config using ssh command, warn otherwise
    my $config = $ssh->command("show running-config");
    WARN("unable to read config") if not $config;

    # parse interface loopack0 stanza from device config
    #   returns int loop0 line and lines indented under int loop0
    #   see perldoc Mnet::Stanza for more ios config templating info
    my $loop = Mnet::Stanza::parse($config, qr/^interface Loopback0$/);

    # parse primary ip address from loopback config stanza
    my $ip = undef;
    $ip = $1 if $loop and $loop =~ /^ ip address (\S+) \S+$/m;

    # report on parsed loopback0 interface ip addres
    $report->row({ device => $cli->device, ip => $ip });

    # finished
    exit;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

The L modules are for perl programmers who want to create testable
network automation and/or reporting scripts as simply as possible.

The main features are:

=over

=item *

L module can record and replay L script options, connected
expect sessions, and compare outputs, speeding development and allowing for
integration and regression testing of complex automation scripts.

=item *

L and L modules for reliable
automation of cisco ios and other command line sessions, including
authentication and command prompt handling.

=item *

L module for templated config parsing and generation on cisco ios
devices and other similar indented stanza text data.

=item *

L can run automation scripts in batch mode to concurrently process
a list of devices, using command line arguments and a device list file.

=item *

L can facilitate easy log, debug, alert and error output from
automation scripts, outputs can be redirected to per-device files.

=item *

L module for config settings via command line, environment
variable, and/or batch scripts, with help, tips, and password redaction.
device list files.

=item *

L module for aggregating report data from scripts,
supporting output in formats such as csv, json, and sql.

=back

Most of the L sub-modules can be used independently of each other,
unless otherwise noted.

Refer to the individual modules listed in the SEE ALSO section below
for more detail.

=head1 INSTALLATION

The L perl modules should work in just about any unix perl environment.

The latest release can be installed from CPAN

    cpan install Mnet

Or download and install from L

    tar -xzf Mnet-X.y.tar.gz
    cd Mnet-X.y
    perl Makefile.PL  # INSTALL_BASE=/specify/path
    make test
    make install

Check your PERL5LIB environment variable if INSTALL_BASE was used, or if you
copied the lib/Mnet directory somewhere instead of using the included
Makefile.PL script. Refer to L for more information

=head1 AUTHOR

The L perl distribution has been created and is maintained by Mike Menza.
Feedback and bug reports are welcome, feel free to contact Mike via email
at  with any comments or questions.

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Copyright 2006, 2013-2021 Michael J. Menza Jr.

L is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program. If not, see L

=head1 SEE ALSO

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

=cut

# required modules
#   note that cpan complians if use strict is missing
#   perl 5.10 or higer required for all Mnet modules, they all use this module
#       perl 5.10 may be requried for tie to capture stdout and stderr
#       perl 5.8.9 warning: use of "shift" without parentheses is ambiguous
use warnings;
use strict;
use 5.010;

# normal end of package
1;