File Coverage

blib/lib/Game/PlatformsOfPeril.pm

Criterion	Covered	Total	%
statement	31	399	7.7
branch	0	134	0.0
condition	0	94	0.0
subroutine	11	55	20.0
pod	0	41	0.0
total	42	723	5.8

# -*- Perl -*-
#
# Game::PlatformsOfPeril - this is a terminal-based game, run the
# `pperil` command that should be installed with this module to begin
#
# some details for the unwary, or brave, regarding the code:
#
# this implementation uses arrays heavily so instead of a more typical
# Player object there is an array with various slots that are used for
# various purposes. these slots are indexed using constant subs, and
# there is some overlap of these slots for animates, items, and terrain.
# the @Animates array (where the player, monsters, and items reside) and
# $LMap (level map, which has every ROW and COL and then an array (LMC)
# for what is in that cell) is where most of the game data resides.
# there can be only one terrain (GROUND), one ITEM, and one animate
# (ANI) per level map cell; any new interactions will need to support
# this. there are also four graphs per level map; these graphs dictate
# what moves are possible for animates (double benefit of providing both
# legal next moves and for pathfinding across the map). gravity pulls
# things down at the beginning of a turn (bottom up), and the player
# always moves first in the turn (low id to high), see the game_loop.
# level maps are ASCII text, and only one thing can be present in a cell
# in the map (with FLOOR being assumed present below any item or
# animate). there are some complications around killing things off; dead
# things must not interact with anything, but may still be looped to
# after their death in the apply_gravity or game_loop UPDATE calls.
# hence the BLACK_SPOT

package Game::PlatformsOfPeril;

our $VERSION = '0.08';

use 5.24.0;
use warnings;
use File::Spec::Functions qw(catfile);
use List::PriorityQueue ();
use List::Util qw(first);
use List::UtilsBy 0.06 qw(nsort_by rev_nsort_by);
use Scalar::Util qw(weaken);
use Term::ReadKey qw(GetTerminalSize ReadKey ReadMode);
use Time::HiRes qw(gettimeofday sleep tv_interval);
use POSIX qw(STDIN_FILENO TCIFLUSH tcflush);

# ANSI or XTerm control sequences
sub at              { "\e[" . $_[1] . ';' . $_[0] . 'H' }
sub alt_screen ()   { "\e[?1049h" }
sub clear_screen () { "\e[1;1H\e[2J" }
sub clear_right ()  { "\e[K" }
sub hide_cursor ()  { "\e[?25l" }
sub hide_pointer () { "\e[>3p" }
sub show_cursor ()  { "\e[?25h" }
sub term_norm ()    { "\e[m" }
sub unalt_screen () { "\e[?1049l" }

# WHAT Animates and such can be
sub HERO ()   { 0 }
sub MONST ()  { 1 }
sub BOMB ()   { 2 }
sub GEM ()    { 3 }
sub FLOOR ()  { 4 }
sub WALL ()   { 5 }
sub LADDER () { 6 }
sub STAIR ()  { 7 }
sub STATUE () { 8 }

sub BOMB_COST () { 2 }
sub GEM_VALUE () { 1 }

# for the Level Map Cell (LMC)
sub WHERE ()  { 0 }
sub GROUND () { 1 }
sub ITEM ()   { 2 }
sub ANI ()    { 3 }

sub MOVE_FAILED () { 0 }
sub MOVE_OK ()     { 1 }
sub MOVE_NEWLVL () { 2 }

# for the level map
sub COLS ()         { 23 }
sub ROWS ()         { 23 }
sub MAP_DISP_OFF () { 1 }

# level map is row, col while points are [ col, row ]
sub PROW () { 1 }
sub PCOL () { 0 }

sub MSG_ROW () { 1 }
sub MSG_COL () { 25 }
# these also used to determine the minimum size for the terminal
sub MSG_MAX ()      { 24 }
sub MSG_COLS_MAX () { 70 }

# for Animates (and also some Things for the first few slots)
sub WHAT () { 0 }
sub DISP () { 1 }
# NOTE that GROUND use TYPE to distinguish between different types of
# those (FLOOR, STAIR, STATUE) which makes the graph code simpler as
# that only needs to look at WHAT for whether motion is possible in that
# cell; ANI and ITEM instead use TYPE to tell ANI apart from ITEM
sub TYPE ()       { 2 }
sub STASH ()      { 3 }
sub UPDATE ()     { 4 }
sub LMC ()        { 5 }
sub BLACK_SPOT () { 6 }

sub GEM_STASH ()  { 0 }
sub BOMB_STASH () { 1 }
sub GEM_ODDS ()   { 1 }

sub GEM_ODDS_ADJUST () { 0.05 }

sub START_GEMS ()  { 0 }
sub START_BOMBS () { 1 }

sub GRAPH_NODE ()   { 0 }
sub GRAPH_WEIGHT () { 1 }
sub GRAPH_POINT ()  { 2 }

our %CharMap = (
    'o' => BOMB,
    '.' => FLOOR,
    '*' => GEM,
    '@' => HERO,
    '=' => LADDER,
    'P' => MONST,
    '%' => STAIR,
    '&' => STATUE,
    '#' => WALL,
);

our (
    @Animates, @Graphs, $LMap,  $Monst_Name, @RedrawA,
    @RedrawB,  $Hero,   $TCols, $TRows
);

our %Examine_Offsets = (
    'h' => [ -1, +0 ],    # left
    'j' => [ +0, +1 ],    # down
    'k' => [ +0, -1 ],    # up
    'l' => [ +1, +0 ],    # right
    'y' => [ -1, -1 ],
    'u' => [ +1, -1 ],
    'b' => [ -1, +1 ],
    'n' => [ +1, +1 ],
);

our $Level = 0;
our $Level_Path;

# plosive practice. these must pluralize properly
our @Menagerie = (
    'Palace Peacock',
    'Peckish Packrat',
    'Peevish Penguin',
    'Piratical Parakeet',
    'Placid Piranha',
    'Pleasant Porcupine',
    'Priggish Python',
    'Prurient Pachyderm',
    'Purposeful Plant',
    # and some not-plosives for reasons lost in the mists of time
    'Gruesome Goose',
    'Sinister Swan',
);
$Monst_Name = $Menagerie[ rand @Menagerie ];

our $Redraw_Delay = 0.05;
our $Rotate_Delay = 0.20;
our $Rotation     = 0;

our @Scientists = qw(Eigen Maxwell Newton);
our $Scientist  = $Scientists[ rand @Scientists ];

our $Seed;

our @Styles =
  qw(Abstract Art-Deco Brutalist Egyptian Greek Impressionist Post-Modern Roman Romantic);
our $Style = $Styles[ rand @Styles ];

our %Things = (
    BOMB,   [ BOMB,   "\e[31mo\e[0m",   ITEM ],
    FLOOR,  [ FLOOR,  "\e[33m.\e[0m",   FLOOR ],
    GEM,    [ GEM,    "\e[32m*\e[0m",   ITEM ],
    LADDER, [ LADDER, "\e[37m=\e[0m",   LADDER ],
    STAIR,  [ FLOOR,  "\e[37m%\e[0m",   STAIR ],
    STATUE, [ FLOOR,  "\e[1;33m&\e[0m", STATUE ],
    WALL,   [ WALL,   "\e[35m#\e[0m",   WALL ],
);

our %Descriptions = (
    BOMB,   'Bomb. Avoid.',
    FLOOR,  'Empty cell.',
    GEM,    'A gem. Get these.',
    HERO,   'The much suffering hero.',
    LADDER, 'A ladder.',
    MONST,  $Monst_Name . '. Wants to kill you.',
    STAIR,  'A way out of this mess.',
    STATUE, 'Empty cell with decorative statue.',
    WALL,   'A wall.',
);

$Animates[HERO]->@[ WHAT, DISP, TYPE, STASH, UPDATE ] =
  (HERO, "\e[1;33m\@\e[0m", ANI, [ START_GEMS, START_BOMBS ], \&update_hero);

our %Interact_With = (
    HERO,    # the target of the mover
    sub {
        my ($mover, $target) = @_;
        game_over_monster() if $mover->[WHAT] == MONST;
        game_over_bomb()    if $mover->[WHAT] == BOMB;
        grab_gem($target, $mover);
    },
    MONST,
    sub {
        my ($mover, $target) = @_;
        game_over_monster() if $mover->[WHAT] == HERO;
        if ($mover->[WHAT] == BOMB) {
            my @cells = map { kill_animate($_, 1); $_->[LMC][WHERE] } $mover, $target;
            redraw_ref(\@cells);
            explode($target);
        } elsif ($mover->[WHAT] == GEM) {
            grab_gem($target, $mover);
        }
    },
    BOMB,
    sub {
        my ($mover, $target) = @_;
        game_over_bomb() if $mover->[WHAT] == HERO;
        if ($mover->[WHAT] == MONST) {
            my @cells = map { kill_animate($_, 1); $_->[LMC][WHERE] } $mover, $target;
            redraw_ref(\@cells);
            explode($mover);
        }
    },
    GEM,
    sub {
        my ($mover, $target) = @_;
        if ($mover->[TYPE] == ANI) {
            relocate($mover, $target->[LMC][WHERE]);
            grab_gem($mover, $target);
        }
    },
);

our %Key_Commands = (
    'h' => move_player(-1, +0),    # left
    'j' => move_player(+0, +1),    # down
    'k' => move_player(+0, -1),    # up
    'l' => move_player(+1, +0),    # right
    '.' => \&move_nop,             # rest
    ' ' => \&move_nop,             # also rest
    'v' => sub { post_message('Version ' . $VERSION); return MOVE_FAILED },
    'x' => \&move_examine,
    '<' => sub {
        post_message($Scientist . q{'s magic wonder left boot, activate!});
        rotate_left();
        print draw_level();
        sleep($Rotate_Delay);
        return MOVE_OK;
    },
    '>' => sub {
        post_message($Scientist . q{'s magic wonder right boot, activate!});
        rotate_right();
        print draw_level();
        sleep($Rotate_Delay);
        return MOVE_OK;
    },
    '?' => sub {
        post_help();
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
    # for debugging, probably shouldn't be included as it shows exactly
    # where the monsters are trying to move to which may or may not be
    # where the player is
    'T' => sub {
        local $" = ',';
        post_message("T $Hero->@* R $Rotation");
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
    '@' => sub {
        local $" = ',';
        post_message("\@ $Animates[HERO][LMC][WHERE]->@* R $Rotation");
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
    '$' => sub {
        post_message('You have '
              . $Animates[HERO][STASH][BOMB_STASH]
              . ' bombs and '
              . $Animates[HERO][STASH][GEM_STASH]
              . ' gems.');
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
    # by way of history '%' is what rogue (version 3.6) uses for stairs,
    # except the '>' (or very rarely '<') keys are used to interact with
    # that symbol
    '%' => sub {
        if ($Animates[HERO][LMC][GROUND][TYPE] == STAIR) {
            load_level();
            print clear_screen(), draw_level();
            post_message('Level '
                  . $Level
                  . ' (You have '
                  . $Animates[HERO][STASH][BOMB_STASH]
                  . ' bombs and '
                  . $Animates[HERO][STASH][GEM_STASH]
                  . ' gems.)');
            return MOVE_NEWLVL;
        } else {
            post_message('There are no stairs here?');
            return MOVE_FAILED;
        }
    },
    'B' => sub {
        my $lmc = $Animates[HERO][LMC];
        return MOVE_FAILED, 'You have no bombs (make them from gems).'
          if $Animates[HERO][STASH][BOMB_STASH] < 1;
        return MOVE_FAILED, 'There is already an item in this cell.'
          if defined $lmc->[ITEM];
        $Animates[HERO][STASH][BOMB_STASH]--;
        make_item($lmc->[WHERE], BOMB, 0);
        return MOVE_OK;
    },
    'M' => sub {
        return MOVE_FAILED, 'You need more gems.'
          if $Animates[HERO][STASH][GEM_STASH] < BOMB_COST;
        $Animates[HERO][STASH][GEM_STASH] -= BOMB_COST;
        post_message('You now have ' . ++$Animates[HERO][STASH][BOMB_STASH] . ' bombs');
        return MOVE_OK;
    },
    'q'    => sub { game_over('Be seeing you...') },
    "\003" => sub {                                    #
        post_message('Enough with these silly interruptions!');
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
    "\014" => sub {                                    #
        redraw_level();
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
    "\032" => sub {                                    #
        post_message('You hear a strange noise in the background.');
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
    "\033" => sub {
        post_message('You cannot escape quite so easily.');
        return MOVE_FAILED;
    },
);

sub apply_gravity {
    for my $ent (rev_nsort_by { $_->[LMC][WHERE][PROW] } @Animates) {
        next if $ent->[BLACK_SPOT];
        my $here = $ent->[LMC][WHERE];
        next
          if $here->[PROW] == ROWS - 1
          or (  $ent->[TYPE] == ANI
            and $LMap->[ $here->[PROW] ][ $here->[PCOL] ][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER)
          or $LMap->[ $here->[PROW] + 1 ][ $here->[PCOL] ][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL;
        my $dest = [ $here->[PCOL], $here->[PROW] + 1 ];
        relocate($ent, $dest) unless interact($ent, $dest);
        if ($ent->[WHAT] == HERO) {
            if ($ent->[LMC][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER) {
                post_message('You fall, but grab onto a ladder.');
            } else {
                post_message('You fall!');
            }
        }
    }
}

sub bad_terminal {
    ($TCols, $TRows) = (GetTerminalSize * STDOUT)[ 0, 1 ];
    return (not defined $TCols or $TCols < MSG_COLS_MAX or $TRows < MSG_MAX);
}

sub bail_out {
    restore_term();
    warn $_[0] if @_;
    game_over("Suddenly, the platforms collapse about you.");
}

sub between {
    my ($min, $max, $value) = @_;
    if ($value < $min) {
        $value = $min;
    } elsif ($value > $max) {
        $value = $max;
    }
    return $value;
}

sub draw_level {
    my $s = '';
    for my $rownum (0 .. ROWS - 1) {
        $s .= at(MAP_DISP_OFF, MAP_DISP_OFF + $rownum);
        for my $lmc ($LMap->[$rownum]->@*) {
            if (defined $lmc->[ANI]) {
                $s .= $lmc->[ANI][DISP];
            } elsif (defined $lmc->[ITEM]) {
                $s .= $lmc->[ITEM][DISP];
            } else {
                $s .= $lmc->[GROUND][DISP];
            }
        }
    }
    $s .= at(1, ROWS + 1) . $Things{ WALL, }[DISP] x COLS;
    return $s;
}

sub explode {
    my ($something) = @_;
    my $lmc         = $something->[LMC];
    my $pos         = $lmc->[WHERE];
    my @colors      = ("\e[31m", "\e[33m");
    for (1 .. 7) {
        print at(map { MAP_DISP_OFF + $_ } $pos->@*), $colors[ rand @colors ], '*',
          term_norm;
        sleep($Redraw_Delay);
    }
    post_message('ka-boom!');
    # HEROIC DESTRUCTION
    $lmc->[GROUND] = $Things{ FLOOR, } if $lmc->[GROUND][TYPE] == STATUE;
    push @RedrawA, $pos;
}

# cribbed from some A* article on https://www.redblobgames.com/
sub find_hero {
    my ($ent, $mcol, $mrow) = @_;

    my $start = $mcol . ',' . $mrow;
    my $pcol  = $Hero->[PCOL];
    my $prow  = $Hero->[PROW];
    my $end   = $pcol . ',' . $prow;

    # already waiting where the player is going to fall to
    return if $start eq $end;

    my %costs = ($start => 0);
    my %seen  = ($start => undef);
    my $q     = List::PriorityQueue->new;
    $q->insert($start, 0);

    my $linked = 0;
    while (my $node = $q->pop) {
        if ($node eq $end) {
            $linked = 1;
            last;
        }
        for my $peer ($Graphs[$Rotation]{$node}->@*) {
            my $new  = $peer->[GRAPH_NODE];
            my $cost = $costs{$node} + $peer->[GRAPH_WEIGHT];
            if (not exists $seen{$new} or $cost < $costs{$new}) {
                $costs{$new} = $cost;
                # perhaps they drove taxicabs in Manhattan in a former life?
                my $priority =
                  $cost +
                  abs($pcol - $peer->[GRAPH_POINT][PCOL]) +
                  abs($prow - $peer->[GRAPH_POINT][PROW]);
                $q->insert($new, $priority);
                $seen{$new} = $node;
            }
        }
    }
    return unless $linked;

    my @path;
    my $node = $end;
    while ($node ne $start) {
        unshift @path, $node;
        $node = $seen{$node};
    }
    return [ split ',', $path[0] ];
}

sub game_loop {
    game_over('Terminal must be at least ' . MSG_COLS_MAX . 'x' . MSG_MAX)
      if bad_terminal();
    ($Level_Path, $Level, $Seed) = @_;
    $SIG{$_} = \&bail_out for qw(INT HUP TERM PIPE QUIT USR1 USR2 __DIE__);
    STDOUT->autoflush(1);
    load_level();
    ReadMode 'raw';
    print term_norm, alt_screen, hide_cursor, hide_pointer, clear_screen,
      draw_level;
    post_message('The Platforms of Peril');
    post_message('');
    post_message('Your constant foes, the ' . properly_plural($Monst_Name));
    post_message('seek to destroy your way of life!');
    post_help();
    post_message('');
    post_message('Seed ' . $Seed . ' of version ' . $VERSION);
    $SIG{CONT}  = \&redraw_level;
    $SIG{WINCH} = sub {
        post_message('The terminal is too small!') if bad_terminal();
        redraw_level();
    };

    while (1) {
        apply_gravity();
        @Animates = grep { !$_->[BLACK_SPOT] } @Animates;
        redraw_movers() if @RedrawA;
        next if $Animates[HERO][UPDATE]->() == MOVE_NEWLVL;
        track_hero();
        for my $ent (@Animates[ 1 .. $#Animates ]) {
            $ent->[UPDATE]->($ent) if !$ent->[BLACK_SPOT] and defined $ent->[UPDATE];
        }
        @Animates = grep { !$_->[BLACK_SPOT] } @Animates;
        redraw_movers();
    }
}

sub game_over {
    my ($msg, $code) = @_;
    $code //= 1;
    restore_term();
    print clear_right, $msg, ' (', $Animates[HERO][STASH][GEM_STASH],
      " gems)\n", clear_right;
    exit $code;
}

sub game_over_bomb { game_over('You gone done blowed yourself up.') }

sub game_over_monster {
    game_over('The ' . $Monst_Name . ' polished you off.');
}

sub grab_gem {
    my ($ent, $gem) = @_;
    $ent->[STASH][GEM_STASH] += $gem->[STASH];
    kill_animate($gem);
    if ($ent->[WHAT] == MONST) {
        post_message('The ' . $Monst_Name . ' grabs a gem.');
    } else {
        post_message('You now have ' . $ent->[STASH][GEM_STASH] . ' gems.');
    }
}

sub graph_bilink {
    my ($g, $c1, $r1, $c2, $r2) = @_;
    my $from = $c1 . ',' . $r1;
    my $to   = $c2 . ',' . $r2;
    push $g->{$from}->@*, [ $to,   1, [ $c2, $r2 ] ];
    push $g->{$to}->@*,   [ $from, 1, [ $c1, $r1 ] ];
}

sub graph_setup {
    my $g = {};
    for my $r (0 .. ROWS - 2) {
        for my $c (0 .. COLS - 1) {
            next if $LMap->[$r][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL;
            # allow left/right, if ladder or wall below permits it
            if ($c != COLS - 1
                and (  $LMap->[$r][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
                    or $LMap->[ $r + 1 ][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL)
                and (
                    $LMap->[$r][ $c + 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
                    or (    $LMap->[$r][ $c + 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] != WALL
                        and $LMap->[ $r + 1 ][ $c + 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL)
                )
            ) {
                graph_bilink($g, $c, $r, $c + 1, $r);
            }
            if ($r > 0) {
                # allow motion up/down ladders
                if (    $LMap->[$r][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
                    and $LMap->[ $r - 1 ][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER) {
                    graph_bilink($g, $c, $r, $c, $r - 1);
                } elsif (
                    $LMap->[$r][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
                    or (    $LMap->[$r][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == FLOOR
                        and $LMap->[ $r + 1 ][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL)
                ) {
                    # can we fall into this cell from above?
                    graph_shaft($g, $c, $r);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    for my $c (0 .. COLS - 1) {
        next if $LMap->[ ROWS - 1 ][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL;
        if (    $LMap->[ ROWS - 1 ][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
            and $LMap->[ ROWS - 2 ][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER) {
            graph_bilink($g, $c, ROWS - 1, $c, ROWS - 2);
        } else {
            graph_shaft($g, $c, ROWS - 1);
        }
        if ($c != COLS - 1) {
            graph_bilink($g, $c, ROWS - 1, $c + 1, ROWS - 1);
        }
    }
    return $g;
}

sub graph_shaft {
    my ($g, $c, $r) = @_;
    for my $x (reverse 0 .. $r - 1) {
        last if $LMap->[$x][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL;
        my $weight = $r - $x;
        if ($LMap->[$x][$c][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER) {
            if ($weight == 1) {
                graph_udlink($g, $c, $x, $c, $r, 1, [ $c, $x ]);
            } else {
                graph_udlink($g, $c, $x,     $c, $x + 1, 1,           [ $c, $x ]);
                graph_udlink($g, $c, $x + 1, $c, $r,     $weight - 2, [ $c, $r ]);
            }
            last;
        }
        # can fall into this shaft from the left or right?
        if ($c != 0
            and (
                $LMap->[$x][ $c - 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
                or (    $LMap->[$x][ $c - 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == FLOOR
                    and $LMap->[ $x + 1 ][ $c - 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL)
            )
        ) {
            graph_udlink($g, $c - 1, $x, $c, $x, 1,           [ $c, $x ]);
            graph_udlink($g, $c,     $x, $c, $r, $weight - 1, [ $c, $r ]);
        }
        if ($c != COLS - 1
            and (
                $LMap->[$x][ $c + 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
                or (    $LMap->[$x][ $c + 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == FLOOR
                    and $LMap->[ $x + 1 ][ $c + 1 ][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL)
            )
        ) {
            graph_udlink($g, $c + 1, $x, $c, $x, $weight,     [ $c, $x ]);
            graph_udlink($g, $c,     $x, $c, $r, $weight - 1, [ $c, $r ]);
        }
    }
}

sub graph_udlink {
    my ($g, $c1, $r1, $c2, $r2, $weight, $point) = @_;
    my $from = $c1 . ',' . $r1;
    my $to   = $c2 . ',' . $r2;
    push $g->{$from}->@*, [ $to, $weight, $point ];
}

sub interact {
    my ($mover, $dest) = @_;
    for my $i (ANI, ITEM) {
        my $target = $LMap->[ $dest->[PROW] ][ $dest->[PCOL] ][$i];
        if (defined $target) {
            # this code is assumed to take care of everything and be the
            # final say on the interaction
            $Interact_With{ $target->[WHAT] }->($mover, $target);
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

sub kill_animate {
    my ($ent, $no_draw) = @_;
    push @RedrawA, $ent->[LMC][WHERE] unless defined $no_draw;
    $ent->[BLACK_SPOT] = 1;
    # NOTE this only works for TYPE of ANI or ITEM, may need to rethink
    # how STATUE and STAIRS are handled if there are GROUND checks on
    # TYPE as those abuse the TYPE field for other things (see %Things)
    undef $ent->[LMC][ $ent->[TYPE] ];
}

sub load_level {
    my $file = catfile($Level_Path, 'level' . $Level++);
    game_over('No more levels.', 0) unless -e $file;

    open(my $fh, '<', $file) or game_over("Failed to open '$file': $!");

    splice @Animates, 1;
    undef $Animates[HERO][LMC];
    $LMap = [];

    my $rownum = 0;
    while (my $line = readline $fh) {
        chomp $line;
        game_over("Wrong number of columns at $file:$.") if length $line != COLS;
        my $colnum = 0;
        for my $v (split //, $line) {
            my $c = $CharMap{$v} // game_over("Unknown character $v at $file:$.");
            my $point = [ $colnum++, $rownum ];    # PCOL, PROW (x, y)
            if (exists $Things{$c}) {
                if ($c eq BOMB) {
                    push $LMap->[$rownum]->@*, [ $point, $Things{ FLOOR, } ];
                    make_item($point, BOMB, 0);
                } elsif ($c eq GEM) {
                    push $LMap->[$rownum]->@*, [ $point, $Things{ FLOOR, } ];
                    make_item($point, GEM, GEM_VALUE);
                } else {
                    push $LMap->[$rownum]->@*, [ $point, $Things{$c} ];
                }
            } else {
                if ($c eq HERO) {
                    game_over("Player placed twice in $file")
                      if defined $Animates[HERO][LMC];
                    push $LMap->[$rownum]->@*,
                      [ $point, $Things{ FLOOR, }, undef, $Animates[HERO] ];
                    $Animates[HERO][LMC] = $LMap->[$rownum][-1];
                    $Hero = $point;
                    weaken($Animates[HERO][LMC]);
                } elsif ($c eq MONST) {
                    push $LMap->[$rownum]->@*, [ $point, $Things{ FLOOR, } ];
                    make_monster($point);
                } else {
                    game_over("Unknown object '$v' at $file:$.");
                }
            }
        }
        last if ++$rownum == ROWS;
    }
    game_over("Too few rows in $file") if $rownum < ROWS;
    game_over("No player in $file") unless defined $Animates[HERO][LMC];

    $Rotation = 0;
    for my $rot (1 .. 4) {
        $Graphs[$Rotation] = graph_setup();
        rotate_left();
    }
}

sub make_item {
    my ($point, $thingy, $stash, $update) = @_;
    my $item;
    $item->@[ WHAT, DISP, TYPE, STASH, UPDATE, LMC ] = (
        $Things{$thingy}->@*,
        $stash, $update, $LMap->[ $point->[PROW] ][ $point->[PCOL] ]
    );
    push @Animates, $item;
    $LMap->[ $point->[PROW] ][ $point->[PCOL] ][ITEM] = $item;
    weaken($item->[LMC]);
}

sub make_monster {
    my ($point) = @_;
    my $monst;
    my $ch = substr $Monst_Name, 0, 1;
    # STASH replicates that of the HERO for simpler GEM handling code
    # though the BOMB_STASH is instead used for GEM_ODDS
    $monst->@[ WHAT, DISP, TYPE, STASH, UPDATE, LMC ] = (
        MONST, "\e[1;33m$ch\e[0m", ANI, [ 0, 0.0 ],
        \&update_monst, $LMap->[ $point->[PROW] ][ $point->[PCOL] ]
    );
    push @Animates, $monst;
    $LMap->[ $point->[PROW] ][ $point->[PCOL] ][ANI] = $monst;
    weaken($monst->[LMC]);
}

sub move_animate {
    my ($ent, $cols, $rows) = @_;
    my $lmc = $ent->[LMC];

    my $from = $lmc->[WHERE][PCOL] . ',' . $lmc->[WHERE][PROW];
    my $to =
      ($lmc->[WHERE][PCOL] + $cols) . ',' . ($lmc->[WHERE][PROW] + $rows);

    return MOVE_FAILED
      unless first { $_->[GRAPH_NODE] eq $to } $Graphs[$Rotation]{$from}->@*;

    my $dest = [ $lmc->[WHERE][PCOL] + $cols, $lmc->[WHERE][PROW] + $rows ];

    relocate($ent, $dest) unless interact($ent, $dest);
    return MOVE_OK;
}

# so the player can see if there is a ladder under something; this is an
# important consideration on some levels
sub move_examine {
    my $key;
    my $row = $Animates[HERO][LMC][WHERE][PROW];
    my $col = $Animates[HERO][LMC][WHERE][PCOL];
    print at(MSG_COL, MSG_ROW + $_), clear_right for 1 .. MSG_MAX;
    print at(MSG_COL, MSG_ROW), clear_right,
      'Move cursor to view a cell. Esc exits', show_cursor;
    while (1) {
        print at(MSG_COL, MSG_ROW + $_), clear_right for 3 .. 5;
        my $disp_row = 2;
        for my $i (ANI, ITEM) {
            my $x = $LMap->[$row][$col][$i];
            if (defined $x) {
                print at(MSG_COL, MSG_ROW + $disp_row++), clear_right, $x->[DISP],
                  ' - ', $Descriptions{ $x->[WHAT] };
            }
        }
        my $g = $LMap->[$row][$col][GROUND];
        print at(MSG_COL, MSG_ROW + $disp_row), clear_right, $g->[DISP],
          ' - ', $Descriptions{ $g->[TYPE] },
          at(MAP_DISP_OFF + $col, MAP_DISP_OFF + $row);
        $key = ReadKey(0);
        last if $key eq "\033";
        my $distance = 1;
        if (ord $key < 97) {    # SHIFT moves faster
            $key      = lc $key;
            $distance = 5;
        }
        my $dir = $Examine_Offsets{$key} // next;
        $row = between(0, ROWS - 1, $row + $dir->[PROW] * $distance);
        $col = between(0, COLS - 1, $col + $dir->[PCOL] * $distance);
    }
    print hide_cursor;
    show_messages();
    return MOVE_FAILED;
}

sub move_nop { return MOVE_OK }

sub move_player {
    my ($cols, $rows) = @_;
    return sub {
        my ($status, $msg) = move_animate($Animates[HERO], $cols, $rows);
        post_message($msg) if $msg;
        return $status;
    };
}

sub post_help {
    my $ch = substr $Monst_Name, 0, 1;
    post_message('');
    post_message(
        ' ' . $Animates[HERO][DISP] . ' - You   ' . $ch . ' - a ' . $Monst_Name);
    post_message(
        ' ' . $Things{ STATUE, }[DISP] . ' - a large granite statue done in the');
    post_message('     ' . $Style . ' style');
    post_message(' '
          . $Things{ BOMB, }[DISP]
          . ' - Bomb  '
          . $Things{ GEM, }[DISP]
          . ' - Gem (get these)');
    post_message('');
    post_message(' h j k l - move');
    post_message(' < >     - activate left or right boot');
    post_message(' B       - drop a Bomb');
    post_message(' M       - make a Bomb (consumes ' . BOMB_COST . ' Gems)');
    post_message(
        ' %       - when on ' . $Things{ STAIR, }[DISP] . ' goes to the next level');
    post_message(' . space - pass a turn (handy when falling)');
    post_message('');
    post_message(' q       - quit the game (no save)');
    post_message(' $       - display Bomb and Gem counts');
    post_message(' ?       - post these help messages');
    post_message('');
    post_message('You have '
          . $Animates[HERO][STASH][BOMB_STASH]
          . ' bombs and '
          . $Animates[HERO][STASH][GEM_STASH]
          . ' gems.');
}

{
    my @log;

    sub post_message {
        my ($msg) = @_;
        while (@log >= MSG_MAX) { shift @log }
        push @log, $msg;
        show_messages();
    }
    sub clear_messages { @log = () }

    sub show_messages {
        for my $i (0 .. $#log) {
            print at(MSG_COL, MSG_ROW + $i), clear_right, $log[$i];
        }
    }
}

# fsvo properly... damnit Jim I'm a sysadmin not a linguist
sub properly_plural {
    my ($name) = @_;
    $name =~ s/oo/ee/ ? $name : $name . 's';
}

sub redraw_level { print clear_screen, draw_level; show_messages() }

sub redraw_movers {
    redraw_ref(\@RedrawA);
    sleep($Redraw_Delay);
    redraw_ref(\@RedrawB);
    @RedrawA = ();
    @RedrawB = ();
}

sub redraw_ref {
  CELL: for my $point ($_[0]->@*) {
        for my $i (ANI, ITEM) {
            my $ent = $LMap->[ $point->[PROW] ][ $point->[PCOL] ][$i];
            if (defined $ent and !$ent->[BLACK_SPOT]) {
                print at(map { MAP_DISP_OFF + $_ } $point->@*), $ent->[DISP];
                next CELL;
            }
        }
        print at(map { MAP_DISP_OFF + $_ } $point->@*),
          $LMap->[ $point->[PROW] ][ $point->[PCOL] ][GROUND][DISP];
    }
}

sub relocate {
    my ($ent, $dest) = @_;
    my $src = $ent->[LMC][WHERE];
    push @RedrawA, $src;
    push @RedrawB, $dest;
    my $lmc = $LMap->[ $dest->[PROW] ][ $dest->[PCOL] ];
    $lmc->[ $ent->[TYPE] ] = $ent;
    undef $LMap->[ $src->[PROW] ][ $src->[PCOL] ][ $ent->[TYPE] ];
    $ent->[LMC] = $lmc;
    weaken($ent->[LMC]);
}

sub restore_term {
    ReadMode 'restore';
    print term_norm, show_cursor, unalt_screen;
}

sub rotate_left {
    my $lm;
    for my $r (0 .. ROWS - 1) {
        for my $c (0 .. COLS - 1) {
            my $newr = COLS - 1 - $c;
            $lm->[$newr][$r] = $LMap->[$r][$c];
            $lm->[$newr][$r][WHERE] = [ $r, $newr ];
        }
    }
    $LMap     = $lm;
    $Rotation = ($Rotation + 1) % 4;
}

sub rotate_right {
    my $lm;
    for my $r (0 .. ROWS - 1) {
        for my $c (0 .. COLS - 1) {
            my $newc = ROWS - 1 - $r;
            $lm->[$c][$newc] = $LMap->[$r][$c];
            $lm->[$c][$newc][WHERE] = [ $newc, $c ];
        }
    }
    $LMap     = $lm;
    $Rotation = ($Rotation - 1) % 4;
}

sub track_hero {
    $Hero = $Animates[HERO][LMC][WHERE];

    # route monsters to where the player will fall to as otherwise they
    # tend to freeze or head in the wrong direction
    my $row = $Hero->[PROW];
    my $col = $Hero->[PCOL];
    return if $row == ROWS - 1 or $LMap->[$row][$col][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER;

    my $goal = $row;
    for my $r ($row + 1 .. ROWS - 1) {
        last if $LMap->[$r][$col][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL;
        if ($LMap->[$r][$col][GROUND][WHAT] == LADDER
            or (    $r < ROWS - 2
                and $LMap->[$r][$col][GROUND][WHAT] == FLOOR
                and $LMap->[ $r + 1 ][$col][GROUND][WHAT] == WALL)
            or (    $r == ROWS - 1
                and $LMap->[$r][$col][GROUND][WHAT] == FLOOR)
        ) {
            $goal = $r;
            last;
        }
    }
    $Hero = [ $col, $goal ];
}

sub update_hero {
    my ($key, $ret);
    tcflush(STDIN_FILENO, TCIFLUSH);
    while (1) {
        while (1) {
            $key = ReadKey(0);
            last if exists $Key_Commands{$key};
            post_message(sprintf "Illegal command \\%03o", ord $key);
        }
        ($ret, my $msg) = $Key_Commands{$key}->();
        post_message($msg) if defined $msg;
        last if $ret == MOVE_OK or $ret == MOVE_NEWLVL;
    }
    return $ret;
}

sub update_monst {
    my ($ent) = @_;
    my $mcol  = $ent->[LMC][WHERE][PCOL];
    my $mrow  = $ent->[LMC][WHERE][PROW];

    # prevent monster move where only gravity should apply
    # NOTE one may have the clever idea that monsters can run across the
    # heads of other monsters though that would require changes to how
    # the graph is setup to permit such moves, and additional checks to
    # see if something to tread upon is available (and then to let the
    # hero do that (like in Lode Runner) or to prevent them from such
    # head-running...)
    if (    $mrow != ROWS - 1
        and $ent->[LMC][GROUND][WHAT] == FLOOR
        and $LMap->[ $mrow + 1 ][$mcol][GROUND][WHAT] != WALL) {
        return;
    }

    my $dest = find_hero($ent, $mcol, $mrow);
    return unless defined $dest;

    relocate($ent, $dest) unless interact($ent, $dest);

    if ($ent->[STASH][GEM_STASH] > 0
        and !defined $ent->[LMC][ITEM]) {
        if (rand() < $ent->[STASH][GEM_ODDS]) {
            post_message('The ' . $Monst_Name . ' drops a gem!');
            $ent->[STASH][GEM_STASH]--;
            make_item($ent->[LMC][WHERE], GEM, GEM_VALUE);
            $ent->[STASH][GEM_ODDS] = 0.0 - GEM_ODDS_ADJUST;
        }
        $ent->[STASH][GEM_ODDS] += GEM_ODDS_ADJUST;
    }
}

1;
__END__