File Coverage

blib/lib/XBase.pm

Criterion	Covered	Total	%
statement	410	616	66.5
branch	145	292	49.6
condition	23	60	38.3
subroutine	54	84	64.2
pod	21	41	51.2
total	653	1093	59.7

use XBase::Memo;

=head1 NAME

XBase - Perl module for reading and writing the dbf files

=cut

# ############
package XBase;

use 5.010;
use strict;
use XBase::Base;		# will give us general methods

# ##############
# General things

use vars qw( $VERSION $errstr $CLEARNULLS @ISA );

@ISA = qw( XBase::Base );
$VERSION = '1.02';
$CLEARNULLS = 1;		# Cut off white spaces from ends of char fields

*errstr = \$XBase::Base::errstr;


# #########################################
# Open, read_header, init_memo_field, close

# Open the specified file or try to append the .dbf suffix.
sub open {
	my ($self) = shift;
	my %options;
	if (scalar(@_) % 2) { $options{'name'} = shift; }
	$self->{'openoptions'} = { %options, @_ };

	my %locoptions;
	@locoptions{ qw( name readonly ignorememo fh ) }
		= @{$self->{'openoptions'}}{ qw( name readonly ignorememo fh ) };
	my $filename = $locoptions{'name'};
	if ($filename eq '-') {
		return $self->SUPER::open(%locoptions);
	}
	for my $ext ('', '.dbf', '.DBF') {
		if (-f $filename.$ext) {
			$locoptions{'name'} = $filename.$ext;
			$self->NullError();
			return $self->SUPER::open(%locoptions);
		}
	}
	$locoptions{'name'} = $filename;
	return $self->SUPER::open(%locoptions);	# for nice error message
}

# We have to provide way to fill up the object upon open
sub read_header {
	my $self = shift;
	my $fh = $self->{'fh'};

	my $header;				# read the header
	$self->read($header, 32) == 32 or do {
		__PACKAGE__->Error("Error reading header of $self->{'filename'}: $!\n");
		return;
		};

	@{$self}{ qw( version last_update num_rec
		header_len record_len encrypted ) }
		= unpack 'Ca3Vvv@15a1', $header;	# parse the data

###	if (0 and $self->{'encrypted'} ne "\000")
###			{ __PACKAGE__->Error("We don't support encrypted files, sorry.\n"); return; };

	my $header_len = $self->{'header_len'};

	my ($names, $types, $lengths, $decimals) = ( [], [], [], [] );
	my ($unpacks, $readproc, $writeproc) = ( [], [], [] );
	my $lastoffset = 1;

	while ($self->tell() < $header_len - 1)	{ # read the field desc's
		my $field_def;
		$self->read($field_def, 1);
		last if $field_def eq "\r";	# we have found the terminator
		my $read = $self->read($field_def, 31, 1);
		if ($read != 31) {
			__PACKAGE__->Error("Error reading field description: $!\n");
			return;
		}

		my ($name, $type, $length, $decimal)
			= unpack 'A11a1 @16CC', $field_def;
		my ($rproc, $wproc);

		if ($type eq 'C') {		# char
			# fixup for char length > 256
			if ($decimal and not $self->{'openoptions'}{'nolongchars'}) {
				$length += 256 * $decimal; $decimal = 0;
			}
			$rproc = sub { my $value = $_[0];
				if ($self->{'ChopBlanks'}) {
					$value =~ s/\s+$//;
				}
				return $value;
				( $value eq '' ? undef : $value );
				};
			$wproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				sprintf '%-*.*s', $length, $length,
					(defined $value ? $value : '');
				};
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'L') {		# logical (boolean)
			$rproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				if ($value =~ /^[YyTt]$/) { return 1; }
				if ($value =~ /^[NnFf]$/) { return 0; }
				undef;
				};
			$wproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				sprintf '%-*.*s', $length, $length,
					(defined $value ? ( $value ? 'T' : 'F') : '?');
				};
		}
		elsif ($type =~ /^[NFD]$/) {	# numbers, dates
			$rproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				($value =~ /\d/) ? $value + 0 : undef;
				};
			$wproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				if (defined $value) {
					substr(sprintf('%*.*f', $length, $decimal, ($value + 0)), -$length);
				} else {
					' ' x $length;
				}
				};
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'I') {		# Fox integer
			$rproc = sub { unpack 'V', shift; };
			$wproc = sub { pack 'V', shift; };
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'B') {		# Fox double
			$rproc = sub { unpack 'd', reverse scalar shift; };
			$wproc = sub { reverse scalar pack 'd', shift; };
		}
		elsif ($type =~ /^[MGP]$/) {	# memo fields
			my $memo = $self->{'memo'};
			if (not defined $memo and not $self->{'openoptions'}{'ignorememo'}) {
				$memo = $self->{'memo'} = $self->init_memo_field() or return;
			}
			if (defined $memo and $length == 10) {
				if (ref $memo eq 'XBase::Memo::Apollo') {
					$rproc = sub { $memo->read_record(shift); };
					$wproc = sub { $memo->write_record(shift); };
				} else {
					$rproc = sub {
						my $value = shift;
						return if not $value =~ /\d/ or $value < 0;
						$memo->read_record($value - 1) if defined $memo;
						};
					$wproc = sub {
						my $value = $memo->write_record(-1, $type, $_[0]) if defined $memo and defined $_[0] and $_[0] ne '';
						sprintf '%*.*s', $length, $length,
							(defined $value ? $value + 1: ''); };
				}
			}
			elsif (defined $memo and $length == 4) {
				$rproc = sub {
					my $val = unpack('V', $_[0]) - 1;
					return if $val < 0;
					$memo->read_record($val) if defined $memo;
					};
				$wproc = sub {
					my $value = $memo->write_record(-1, $type, shift) if defined $memo;
					pack 'V', (defined $value ? $value + 1: 0); };
			} else {
				$rproc = sub { undef; };
				$wproc = sub { ' ' x $length; };
			}
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'T') {	# time fields
			# datetime is stored internally as two
			# four-byte numbers; the first is the day under
			# the Julian Day System (JDS) and the second is
			# the number of milliseconds since midnight
			$rproc = sub {
				my ($day, $time) = unpack 'VV', $_[0];


				my $localday = $day - 2440588;
				my $localtime = $localday * 24 * 3600;
				$localtime += $time / 1000;
### print STDERR "day,time: ($day,$time -> $localtime)\n";
				return $localtime;

				my $localdata = "[$localday] $localtime: @{[localtime($localtime)]}";

				my $usec = $time % 1000;
				my $hour = int($time / 3600000);
				my $min = int(($time % 3600000) / 60000);
				my $sec = int(($time % 60000) / 1000);
				return "$day($localdata)-$hour:$min:$sec.$usec";
				};
			$wproc = sub {
				my $localtime = shift;
				my $day = int($localtime / (24 * 3600)) + 2440588;
				my $time = int(($localtime % (3600 * 24)) * 1000);

### print STDERR "day,time: ($localtime -> $day,$time)\n";

				return pack 'VV', $day, $time;
				}
		}
		elsif ($type eq '0') {    # SNa : field "_NULLFLAGS"
			$rproc = $wproc = sub { '' };
		} elsif ($type eq 'Y') {	# Fox money
			$rproc = sub {
				my ($x, $y) = unpack 'VV', scalar shift;
				if ($y & 0x80000000) {
					- ($y ^ 0xffffffff) * (2**32 / 10**$decimal) - (($x - 1) ^ 0xffffffff) / 10**$decimal;
				} else {
					$y * (2**32 / 10**$decimal) + $x / 10**$decimal;
				}
			};
			$wproc = sub {
				my $value = shift;
				if ($value < 0) {
					pack 'VV',
						(-$value * 10**$decimal + 1) ^ 0xffffffff,
						(-$value * 10**$decimal / 2**32) ^ 0xffffffff;
				} else {
					pack 'VV',
						($value * 10**$decimal) % 2**32,
						(($value * 10**$decimal) >> 32);
				}
			};
		}


		$name =~ s/[\000 ].*$//s;
		$name = uc $name;		# no locale yet
		push @$names, $name;
		push @$types, $type;
		push @$lengths, $length;
		push @$decimals, $decimal;
		push @$unpacks, '@' . $lastoffset . 'a' .  $length;
		push @$readproc, $rproc;
		push @$writeproc, $wproc;
		$lastoffset += $length;
	}

	if ($lastoffset > $self->{'record_len'}
		and not defined $self->{'openoptions'}{'nolongchars'}) {
		$self->seek_to(0);
		$self->{'openoptions'}{'nolongchars'} = 1;
		return $self->read_header;
	}

	if ($lastoffset != $self->{'record_len'}
		and not defined $self->{'openoptions'}{'ignorebadheader'}) {
		__PACKAGE__->Error("Missmatch in header of $self->{'filename'}: record_len $self->{'record_len'} but offset $lastoffset\n");
		return;
	}
	if ($self->{'openoptions'}{'recompute_lastrecno'}) {
		$self->{num_rec} = int(((-s $self->{'fh'}) - $self->{header_len})
			/ $self->{record_len});
	}

	my $hashnames = {};		# create name-to-num_of_field hash
	@{$hashnames}{ reverse @$names } = reverse ( 0 .. $#$names );

			# now it's the time to store the values to the object
	@{$self}{ qw( field_names field_types field_lengths field_decimals
		hash_names last_field field_unpacks
		field_rproc field_wproc ChopBlanks) } =
			( $names, $types, $lengths, $decimals,
			$hashnames, $#$names, $unpacks,
			$readproc, $writeproc, $CLEARNULLS );


	1;	# return true since everything went fine
}

# When there is a memo field in dbf, try to open the memo file
sub init_memo_field {
	my $self = shift;
	return $self->{'memo'} if defined $self->{'memo'};
	require XBase::Memo;
	my %options = ( 'dbf_version' => $self->{'version'},
		'memosep' => $self->{'openoptions'}{'memosep'} );

	if (defined $self->{'openoptions'}{'memofile'}) {
		return XBase::Memo->new($self->{'openoptions'}{'memofile'}, %options);
	}

	for (qw( dbt DBT fpt FPT smt SMT dbt )) {
		my $memo;
		my $memoname = $self->{'filename'};
		($memoname =~ s/\.dbf$/.$_/i or $memoname =~ s/(\.dbf)?$/.$_/i)
			and $memo = XBase::Memo->new($memoname, %options)
			and return $memo;
	}
	return;
}

# Close the file (and memo)
sub close {
	my $self = shift;
	if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
		$self->{'memo'}->close(); delete $self->{'memo'};
	}
	$self->SUPER::close();
}

# ###############
# Little decoding
sub version		{ shift->{'version'}; }
sub last_record		{ shift->{'num_rec'} - 1; }
sub last_field		{ shift->{'last_field'}; }

# List of field names, types, lengths and decimals
sub field_names		{ @{shift->{'field_names'}}; }
sub field_types		{ @{shift->{'field_types'}}; }
sub field_lengths	{ @{shift->{'field_lengths'}}; }
sub field_decimals	{ @{shift->{'field_decimals'}}; }

# Return field number for field name
sub field_name_to_num {
	my ($self, $name) = @_; $self->{'hash_names'}{uc $name};
}
sub field_type {
	my ($self, $name) = @_;
	defined (my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($name)) or return;
	($self->field_types)[$num];
}
sub field_length {
	my ($self, $name) = @_;
	defined (my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($name)) or return;
	($self->field_lengths)[$num];
}
sub field_decimal {
	my ($self, $name) = @_;
	defined (my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($name)) or return;
	($self->field_decimals)[$num];
}


# #############################
# Header, field and record info

# Returns (not prints!) the info about the header of the object
*header_info = \&get_header_info;
sub get_header_info {
	my $self = shift;
	my $hexversion = sprintf '0x%02x', $self->version;
	my $longversion = $self->get_version_info()->{'string'};
	my $printdate = $self->get_last_change;
	my $numfields = $self->last_field() + 1;
	my $result = sprintf <<"EOF";
Filename:	$self->{'filename'}
Version:	$hexversion ($longversion)
Num of records:	$self->{'num_rec'}
Header length:	$self->{'header_len'}
Record length:	$self->{'record_len'}
Last change:	$printdate
Num fields:	$numfields
Field info:
Num	Name		Type	Len	Decimal
EOF
	return join '', $result, map { $self->get_field_info($_) }
					(0 .. $self->last_field);
}
# Return info about field in dbf file
sub get_field_info {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	sprintf "%d.\t%-16.16s%-8.8s%-8.8s%s\n", $num + 1,
		map { $self->{$_}[$num] }
			qw( field_names field_types field_lengths field_decimals );
}
# Return last_change item as printable string
sub get_last_change {
	my $self = shift;
	my $date = $self;
	if (ref $self) { $date = $self->{'last_update'}; }
	my ($year, $mon, $day) = unpack 'C3', $date;
	$year += ($year >= 70) ? 1900 : 2000;
	return "$year/$mon/$day";
}
# Return text description of the version value
sub get_version_info {
	my $version = shift;
	$version = $version->version() if ref $version;
	my $result = {};
	$result->{'vbits'} = $version & 0x07;
	if ($version == 0x30 or $version == 0xf5) {
		$result->{'vbits'} = 5; $result->{'foxpro'} = 1;
	} elsif ($version & 0x08) {
		$result->{'vbits'} = 4; $result->{'memo'} = 1;
	} elsif ($version & 0x80) {
		$result->{'dbt'} = 1;
	}

	my $string = "ver. $result->{'vbits'}";
	if (exists $result->{'foxpro'}) {
		$string .= " (FoxPro)";
	}
	if (exists $result->{'memo'}) {
		$string .= " with memo file";
	} elsif (exists $result->{'dbt'}) {
		$string .= " with DBT file";
	}
	$result->{'string'} = $string;

	$result;
}


# Print the records as colon separated fields
sub dump_records {
	my $self = shift;
	my %options = ( 'rs' => "\n", 'fs' => ':', 'undef' => '' );
	my %inoptions = @_;
	for my $key (keys %inoptions) {
		my $value = $inoptions{$key};
		my $outkey = lc $key;
		$outkey =~ s/[^a-z]//g;
		$options{$outkey} = $value;
	}
	my ($rs, $fs, $undef, $fields, $table)
				= @options{ qw( rs fs undef fields table ) };
	if (defined $table) {
		eval 'use Data::ShowTable';
		if ($@) {
			warn "You requested table output format but the module Data::ShowTable doesn't\nseem to be installed correctly. Falling back to standard\n";
			$table = undef;
		} else {
			delete $options{'rs'};
			delete $options{'fs'};
		}
	}

	my @fields = ();
	my @unknown_fields;
	if (defined $fields) {
		if (ref $fields eq 'ARRAY') {
			@fields = @$fields;
		} else {
			@fields = split /\s*,\s*/, $fields;
			my $i = 0;
			while ($i < @fields) {
				if (defined $self->field_name_to_num($fields[$i])) {
					$i++;
				} elsif ($fields[$i] =~ /^(.*)-(.*)/) {
					local $^W = 0;
					my @allfields = $self->field_names;
					my ($start, $end) = ($1, $2);
					if ($start eq '') {
						$start = $allfields[0];
					}
					if ($end eq '') {
						$end = $allfields[$#allfields];
					}
					my $start_num = $self->field_name_to_num($start);
					my $end_num = $self->field_name_to_num($end);
					if ($start ne '' and not defined $start_num) {
						push @unknown_fields, $start;
					}
					if ($end ne '' and not defined $end_num) {
						push @unknown_fields, $end;
					}
					unless (defined $start and defined $end) {
						$start = 0; $end = -1;
					}

					splice @fields, $i, 1, @allfields[$start_num .. $end_num];
				} else {
					push @unknown_fields, $fields[$i];
					$i++;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if (@unknown_fields) {
		$self->Error("There have been unknown fields `@unknown_fields' specified.\n");
		return 0;
	}
	my $cursor = $self->prepare_select(@fields);
	my @record;
	if (defined $table) {
		local $^W = 0;
		&ShowBoxTable( $cursor->names(), [], [],
			sub {
				if ($_[0]) { $cursor->rewind(); }
				else { $cursor->fetch() }
				});
	} else {
		while (@record = $cursor->fetch) {
			print join($fs, map { defined $_ ? $_ : $undef } @record), $rs;
		}
	}
	1;
}


# ###################
# Reading the records

# Returns fields of the specified record; parameters and number of the
# record (starting from 0) and optionally names of the required
# fields. If no names are specified, all fields are returned. The
# first value in the returned list if always 1/0 deleted flag. Returns
# empty list on error.

sub get_record {
	my ($self, $num) = (shift, shift);
	$self->NullError();
	$self->get_record_nf( $num, map { $self->field_name_to_num($_); } @_);
}
*get_record_as_hash = \&get_record_hash;
sub get_record_hash {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	my @list = $self->get_record($num) or return;
	my $hash = {};
	@{$hash}{ '_DELETED', $self->field_names() } = @list;
	return %$hash if wantarray;
	$hash;
}
sub get_record_nf {
	my ($self, $num, @fieldnums) = @_;
	my $data = $self->read_record($num) or return;
	if (not @fieldnums) {
		@fieldnums = ( 0 .. $self->last_field );
	}
	my $unpack = join ' ', '@0a1',
		map { my $e;
			defined $_ and $e = $self->{'field_unpacks'}[$_];
			defined $e ? $e : '@0a0'; } @fieldnums;

	my $rproc = $self->{'field_rproc'};
	my @fns = (\&_read_deleted, map { (defined $_ and defined $rproc->[$_]) ? $rproc->[$_] : sub { undef; }; } @fieldnums);

	my @out = unpack $unpack, $data;
### 	if ($self->{'encrypted'} ne "\000") {
### 		for my $data (@out) {
### 			for (my $i = 0; $i < length($data); $i++) {
### 				## my $num = unpack 'C', substr($data, $i, 1);
### 				## substr($data, $i, 1) = 	pack 'C', (($num >> 3) | ($num << 5) ^ 020);
### 				my $num = unpack 'C', substr($data, $i, 1);
### 				substr($data, $i, 1) = 	pack 'C', (($num >> 1) | ($num << 7) ^ 052);
### 				}
### 			}
### 		}

	for (@out) { $_ = &{ shift @fns }($_); }

	@out;
}

# Processing on read
sub _read_deleted {
	my $value = shift;
	if ($value eq '*') { return 1; } elsif ($value eq ' ') { return 0; }
	undef;
}

sub get_all_records {
	my $self = shift;
	my $cursor = $self->prepare_select(@_);

	my $result = [];
	my @record;
	while (@record = $cursor->fetch())
		{ push @$result, [ @record ]; }
	$result;
}

# #############
# Write records

# Write record, values of the fields are in the argument list.
# Record is always undeleted
sub set_record {
	my ($self, $num, @data) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	my $wproc = $self->{'field_wproc'};

	if (defined $self->{'attached_index_columns'}) {
		my @nfs = keys %{$self->{'attached_index_columns'}};
		my ($del, @old_data) = $self->get_record_nf($num, @nfs);

		local $^W = 0;
		for my $nf (@nfs) {
			if ($old_data[$nf] ne $data[$nf]) {
				for my $idx (@{$self->{'attached_index_columns'}{$nf}}) {
					$idx->delete($old_data[$nf], $num + 1);
					$idx->insert($data[$nf], $num + 1);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#$wproc; $i++) {
		$data[$i] = &{ $wproc->[$i] }($data[$i]);
	}
	unshift @data, ' ';

### 	if ($self->{'encrypted'} ne "\000") {
### 		for my $data (@data) {
### 			for (my $i = 0; $i < length($data); $i++) {
### 				my $num = unpack 'C', substr($data, $i, 1);
### 				substr($data, $i, 1) = 	pack 'C', (($num << 3) | ($num >> 5) ^ 020);
### 				}
### 			}
### 		}

	$self->write_record($num, @data);
}

# Write record, fields are specified as hash, unspecified are set to
# undef/empty
sub set_record_hash {
	my ($self, $num, %data) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	$self->set_record($num, map { $data{$_} } $self->field_names );
}

# Write record, fields specified as hash, unspecified will be
# unchanged
sub update_record_hash {
	my ($self, $num) = ( shift, shift );
	$self->NullError();

	my %olddata = $self->get_record_hash($num);
	return unless %olddata;
	$self->set_record_hash($num, %olddata, @_);
}

# Actually write the data (calling XBase::Base::write_record) and keep
# the overall structure of the file correct;
sub write_record {
	my ($self, $num) = (shift, shift);
	my $ret = $self->SUPER::write_record($num, @_) or return;

	if ($num > $self->last_record) {
		$self->SUPER::write_record($num + 1, "\x1a");	# add EOF
		$self->update_last_record($num) or return;
	}
	$self->update_last_change or return;
	$ret;
}

# Delete and undelete record
sub delete_record {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	$self->write_record($num, "*");
}
sub undelete_record {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	$self->write_record($num, " ");
}

# Update the last change date
sub update_last_change {
	my $self = shift;
	return 1 if defined $self->{'updated_today'};
	my ($y, $m, $d) = (localtime)[5, 4, 3]; $m++; $y -= 100 if $y >= 100;
	$self->write_to(1, pack "C3", ($y, $m, $d)) or return;
	$self->{'updated_today'} = 1;
}
# Update the number of records
sub update_last_record {
	my ($self, $last) = @_;
	$last++;
	$self->write_to(4, pack "V", $last);
	$self->{'num_rec'} = $last;
}

# Creating new dbf file
sub create {
	XBase->NullError();
	my $class = shift;
	my %options = @_;
	if (ref $class) {
		%options = ( %$class, %options ); $class = ref $class;
	}

	my $version = $options{'version'};
	if (not defined $version) {
		if (defined $options{'memofile'}
			and $options{'memofile'} =~ /\.fpt$/i) {
			$version = 0xf5;
		} else {
			$version = 3;
		}
	}

	my $key;
	for $key ( qw( field_names field_types field_lengths field_decimals ) ) {
		if (not defined $options{$key}) {
			__PACKAGE__->Error("Tag $key must be specified when creating new table\n");
			return;
		}
	}

	my $needmemo = 0;

	my $fieldspack = '';
	my $record_len = 1;
	my $i;
	for $i (0 .. $#{$options{'field_names'}}) {
		my $name = uc $options{'field_names'}[$i];
		$name = "FIELD$i" unless defined $name;
		$name .= "\0";
		my $type = $options{'field_types'}[$i];
		$type = 'C' unless defined $type;

		my $length = $options{'field_lengths'}[$i];
		my $decimal = $options{'field_decimals'}[$i];

		if (not defined $length) {		# defaults
			if ($type eq 'C')		{ $length = 64; }
			elsif ($type =~ /^[TD]$/)	{ $length = 8; }
			elsif ($type =~ /^[NF]$/)	{ $length = 8; }
		}
						# force correct lengths
		if ($type =~ /^[MBGP]$/)	{ $length = 10; $decimal = 0; }
		elsif ($type eq 'L')	{ $length = 1; $decimal = 0; }
		elsif ($type eq 'Y')	{ $length = 8; $decimal = 4; }

		if (not defined $decimal) {
			$decimal = 0;
		}

		$record_len += $length;
		my $offset = $record_len;
		if ($type eq 'C') {
			$decimal = int($length / 256);
			$length %= 256;
		}
		$fieldspack .= pack 'a11a1VCCvCvCa7C', $name, $type, $offset,
				$length, $decimal, 0, 0, 0, 0, '', 0;
		if ($type eq 'M') {
			$needmemo = 1;
			if ($version != 0x30) {
				$version |= 0x80;
			}
		}
	}
	$fieldspack .= "\x0d";

	{
		local $^W = 0;
		$options{'codepage'} += 0;
	}
	my $header = pack 'C CCC V vvv CC a12 CC v',
		$version,
		0, 0, 0,
		0,
		(32 + length $fieldspack), $record_len, 0,
		0, 0,
		'',
		0, $options{'codepage'},
		0;
	$header .= $fieldspack;
	$header .= "\x1a";

	my $tmp = $class->new();
	my $basename = $options{'name'};
	$basename =~ s/\.dbf$//i;
	my $newname = $options{'name'};
	if (defined $newname and not $newname =~ /\.dbf$/) {
		$newname .= '.dbf';
	}
	$tmp->create_file($newname, 0700) or return;
	$tmp->write_to(0, $header) or return;
	$tmp->update_last_change();
	$tmp->close();

	if ($needmemo) {
		require XBase::Memo;
		my $dbtname = $options{'memofile'};
		if (not defined $dbtname) {
			$dbtname = $options{'name'};
			if ($version == 0x30 or $version == 0xf5) {
				$dbtname =~ s/\.DBF$/.FPT/ or $dbtname =~ s/(\.dbf)?$/.fpt/;
			} else {
				$dbtname =~ s/\.DBF$/.DBT/ or $dbtname =~ s/(\.dbf)?$/.dbt/;
			}
		}
		my $dbttmp = XBase::Memo->new();
		my $memoversion = ($version & 15);
		$memoversion = 5 if $version == 0x30;
		$dbttmp->create('name' => $dbtname,
			'version' => $memoversion,
			'dbf_filename' => $basename) or return;
	}

	return $class->new($options{'name'});
}
# Drop the table
sub drop {
	my $self = shift;
	my $filename = $self;
	if (ref $self) {
		if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
			$self->{'memo'}->drop();
			delete $self->{'memo'};
		}
		return $self->SUPER::drop();
	}
	XBase::Base::drop($filename);
}
# Lock and unlock
sub locksh {
	my $self = shift;
	my $ret = $self->SUPER::locksh or return;
	if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
		unless ($self->{'memo'}->locksh()) {
			$self->SUPER::unlock;
			return;
			}
		}
	$ret;
}
sub lockex {
	my $self = shift;
	my $ret = $self->SUPER::lockex or return;
	if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
		unless ($self->{'memo'}->lockex()) {
			$self->SUPER::unlock;
			return;
			}
		}
	$ret;
}
sub unlock {
	my $self = shift;
	$self->{'memo'}->unlock() if defined $self->{'memo'};
	$self->SUPER::unlock;
}

#
# Attaching index file
#

sub attach_index {
	my ($self, $indexfile) = @_;
	require XBase::Index;

	my $index = $self->XBase::Index::new($indexfile) or do {
		print STDERR XBase->errstr, "\n";
		$self->Error(XBase->errstr);
		return;
		};
print "Got index $index\n" if $XBase::Index::VERBOSE;
	my @tags = $index->tags;
	my @indexes;
	if (@tags) {
		for my $tag (@tags) {
			my $index = $self->XBase::Index::new($indexfile,
					'tag' => $tag)
				or do {
					print STDERR XBase->errstr, "\n";
					$self->Error(XBase->errstr);
					return;
					};
			push @indexes, $index;
		}
	} else {
		@indexes = ( $index );
	}
	for my $idx (@indexes) {
		my $key = $idx->{'key_string'};
		my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($key);

		print "Got key string $key -> $num\n" if $XBase::Index::VERBOSE;

		$self->{'attached_index'} = []
				unless defined $self->{'attached_index'};
		push @{$self->{'attached_index'}}, $idx;
		push @{$self->{'attached_index_columns'}{$num}}, $idx;
	}
	1;
}

#
# Cursory select
#

sub prepare_select {
	my $self = shift;
	my $fieldnames = [ @_ ];
	if (not @_) { $fieldnames = [ $self->field_names ] };
	my $fieldnums = [ map { $self->field_name_to_num($_); } @$fieldnames ];
	return bless [ $self, undef, $fieldnums, $fieldnames ], 'XBase::Cursor';
		# object, recno, field numbers, field names
}

sub prepare_select_nf {
	my $self = shift;
	my @fieldnames = $self->field_names;
	if (@_) { @fieldnames = @fieldnames[ @_ ] }
	return $self->prepare_select(@fieldnames);
}

sub prepare_select_with_index {
	my ($self, $file) = ( shift, shift );
	my @tagopts = ();
	if (ref $file eq 'ARRAY') {		### this is suboptimal
				### interface but should suffice for the moment
		@tagopts = ('tag' => $file->[1]);
		if (defined $file->[2]) {
			push @tagopts, ('type' => $file->[2]);
		}
		$file = $file->[0];
	}
	my $fieldnames = [ @_ ];
	if (not @_) { $fieldnames = [ $self->field_names ] };
	my $fieldnums = [ map { $self->field_name_to_num($_); } @$fieldnames ];
	require XBase::Index;
	my $index = new XBase::Index $file, 'dbf' => $self, @tagopts or
		do { $self->Error(XBase->errstr); return; };
	$index->prepare_select or
		do { $self->Error($index->errstr); return; };
	return bless [ $self, undef, $fieldnums, $fieldnames, $index ],
							'XBase::IndexCursor';
		# object, recno, field numbers, field names, index file
}

package XBase::Cursor;
use vars qw( @ISA );
@ISA = qw( XBase::Base );

sub fetch {
	my $self = shift;
	my ($xbase, $recno, $fieldnums, $fieldnames) = @$self;
	if (defined $recno) { $recno++; }
	else { $recno = 0; }
	my $lastrec = $xbase->last_record;
	while ($recno <= $lastrec) {
		my ($del, @result) = $xbase->get_record_nf($recno, @$fieldnums);
		if (@result and not $del) {
			$self->[1] = $recno;
			return @result;
		}
		$recno++;
	}
	return;
}
sub fetch_hashref {
	my $self = shift;
	my @data = $self->fetch;
	my $hashref = {};
	if (@data) {
		@{$hashref}{ @{$self->[3]} } = @data;
		return $hashref;
	}
	return;
}
sub last_fetched {
	shift->[1];
}
sub table {
	shift->[0];
}
sub names {
	shift->[3];
}
sub rewind {
	shift->[1] = undef; '0E0';
}

sub attach_index {
	my $self = shift;
	require XBase::Index;

}

package XBase::IndexCursor;
use vars qw( @ISA );
@ISA = qw( XBase::Cursor );

sub find_eq {
	my $self = shift;
	$self->[4]->prepare_select_eq(shift);
}
sub fetch {
	my $self = shift;
	my ($xbase, $recno, $fieldnums, $fieldnames, $index) = @$self;
	my ($key, $val);
	while (($key, $val) = $index->fetch) {
		my ($del, @result) = $xbase->get_record_nf($val - 1, @$fieldnums);
		unless ($del) {
			$self->[1] = $val;
			return @result;
		}
	}
	return;
}

# Indexed number the records starting from one, not zero.
sub last_fetched {
	shift->[1] - 1;
}

1;

__END__